Human Motion

What is flexion

closing a joint (decreasing the angle between two bones). Making it shorter/smaller

What is extension

opening a joint, (increasing the angle between two bones). Making it longer/bigger

Replace flexing with what other word

Bending. Bending the elbow is “flexing” your elbow

replace extending with what other word

straightening

what movement is this and why

shoulder extension, increasing angle between humerus and acormion of your scapula

what movement is this and why

shoulder flexion, decreasing the angle between humerus & acromion of your scapula

what movement is this and why

elbow extension, opening the joint, joint angle is large

what movement is this and why

Elbow flexion, closing the joint, joint angle is small

what movement is this and why

wrist flexion, closing the joint anteriorly

what movement is this and why

wrist extension, opening the joint anteriorly

what movement is this and why

Knee extension, opening the joint,joint angle is large

what movement is this and why

knee flexion, closing the jint, joint angle is small

what movemet is this and why

neck flexion, closing the joint at the front

what movement is this and why

neck extension, opening the joint at the front

what movements are these, and why

hip flexion, closing the joint at the front

what movements are these and why

hip extension, opening the joint at the front

what movement is this and why

Abduction, moving away from the midline, your limb is being abducted by aliens. Being lifted away from your body.

What movement is this and why

Adduction, moving towards the midline, your limb is being added back to your body

What movement is this and why

Elevation, lifting/moving upwards

what movement is this and why

Depression, dropping/moving downwards

what movement is this and why

Protraction, moving forwards and out

what movement is this and why

Retraction, moving backwards and in

DEFINITION for internal rotation

Rotating in, towards the midline

DEFINITION for external rotation

rotating out, away from the midline

what movement is this and why

internal rotation, thigh is rotation inwards towards the midline

what movement is this and why

external rotation, thigh is rotation outwards, away from the midline

what is this movement and why

pronation, rotating in and down

what movement is this and why

supination, rotating out and up

what movement is this

lateral rotation

what movement is this

medial rotation

DEFINITION dorsiflexion

top of the foot moving towards your shin/shin moves towards the top of your foot

DEFINITION plantarflexion

Top of your foot moves away from your shin and toes point towards the floor

what movement is this, and why

dorsiflexion, top of the foot moves towards your shin, shin moves towards the top of the foot

what movement is this and why

plantarflexion, top of your foot moves away from your shin and toes point towards the floor

DEFINITION eversion

tilting the sole of your foot to face outwards laterally

DEFINITION inversion

tilting the sole of your foot to face inwards medially

What movement is this and why

Eversion, tilting the sole of your foot to face outwards

what movement is this and why

inversion, tilting the sole of your foot to face inwards medially

DEFINITION circumduction

roation of a limb where the proximal end is staying still, and the distal end is rotating

DEFINTION levers

simple maching, used so that small force can move a bigger force = mechanical advantage

what are the parts to a lever?

• lever arms = bones

• pivots (fulcrums) = joints

• effort = muscles

• load = weights of body parts or forces needed to lift, push, pull outside body

how many classes of levers are there?

3

What is a first class lever, what is in the middle?

fulcrum in the middle, effort and resistance on either side

What is a second class lever, what is in the middle?

resistance, fulcrum and effort on either side

what is the most common type of lever in the body?

3rd class

What is a third class lever, what is in the middle?

effort, with resistance and fulcrum on either side