HAP

systole (definition)

the contraction of the heart chamber

diastole (definition)

the relaxation of the heart chamber

blood pressure cuff measures…

the force of the blood in the vessels

ststole (pressure)

when is the (blood) force at its greatest, and is the first, larger number

diastole (pressure)

the smaller number, when the ventrical relaxes

normal blood pressure

120 over 80

dangerous blood pressure

180 over 120

the four factors that affect blood pressure

blood viscosity, blood volume, peripheral resistance, and cardiac output

lub dub

the sounds of the valves in the heart opening and closing

What instrument is used to measure heart sounds

stethoscope

what is the normal heart rate range

60 - 100 bpm

what does an ECG do (electrocardiogram)

records the electrical events/changes during a cardiac cycle (heartbeat)

p wave

depolarization of the atria (systole)

qrs complex

depolarization of the ventricals (systole)

t wave

repolarization of the ventricles

tachycardia

Irregular fast heart rate

bradycardia

irregularly slow heart rate

arrhythmia

irregular heart rate (can be either fast or slow)

cardiac conduction system

specialized cardiac muscle tissue wich conducts impulses

sinoartrial (sa node)

pacemaker; generates rhythmic impulses which spread through the myocardium

junctional fibers

carries impulses into the AV node

atrioventricular node (AV)

conducts impulses from the atria through the septum into the ventricals

AV bundle

cardiac muscle fibers responsible for conducting electrical impulses from the atrioventricular (AV) node to the ventricles

purkinje fibers

branch throughout the walls of the ventricles and carry impluses rapdily, stimulating contraction

controlled by the cardiovascular center within the medulla oblongata

regulation of the cardiac cycle

cardiac homeostasis

increases or decreases in response to changes in the state of maintained cardiac homeostasis

arteries

strong elastic vessels that carry blood that move away from the heart

veins

thin and less muscular vessels carrying blood towards the heart

capillaries

The smallest blood vessels that connect arteries to veins. deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells while getting rid of waste such as carbon dioxide

precapillary sphincters

circular valve like mucle at the arteriole caplillary junction

narrowing vessels

vasoconstriction

expanding blood vessels

vasodilation

what are the important factors when concidering blood flow through the veins

contraction of the diaphram, pumping action of the skeletal muscles, and valves in the veins

what ar ethe different types of aortas

acending aorta, aortic arch, decending aorta, abdominal aorta (the aorta is also the largest artery)

describe pulomnary trunk

splits into left and right, and both lead to the lungs (leaves out of left ventrical)

what do the pulmonary veins do

return blood from the lungs to the heart (connects to the left atrium)

what do the superior and inferior vena cava do

return blood from the head and body to the heart ( connects to the right atrium)

right and left coronary arteries

supply blood to the heart

brachiocephalic artery

right subclavian goes to the arms and right common carotid go to the neck and head

left common carotid

supplys blood to the head

left subclavian artery

supplys blood to the left arm

SIDS

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

defibulator

a device that sends electric shock waves to the heart to restore rhythm

CPR stands for

cardiopulmonary resusitation