Lecture 2(Composition of the human body)

How does the body use membranes?

By creating compartments to separate functions

What are the four largest membranes found in the body

Mucous, Peritoneal, Pleural, Pericardial

Where is the mucous located?

Mouth

Where is the peritoneal located?

Abdomen

Where is the Pleural located?

Lungs

Where is the Pericardial located?

Heart

What two cells types are in the tissue membrane?

Epithelial tissues and Connective tissues

What is the function of Epithelial tissues?

they protect the internal body

How does Epithelial tissues function?

by exchanging signals from the outside

What is the composition of Epithelial tissues?

Thin, continuous, packed cells lining outer surface and covering cavities

What is an Epithelial covering surfaces(external)

skin

What is an example of an Epithelial lining(internal)

the digestive track

What is the function of connective tissues

provides structural support to the body

What is the composition of connective tissues

ECM w/ scattered cells and a modified matrix

what do exchange epithelial tissues do?

they are flattened cells that allow gas to pass

What do the transporting epithelial do?

regulate exchange for nongaseous fluids to go from inside to outside

What do the Ciliated epithelial do?(c for cardial)

beating projections that move fluid across the surface

What do the protective epithelial do?

Prevents the exchange between out/in where there is mechanical/chemical stress

what do secretory epithelial do?

produce a substance and secrete internal/external

What is the loose(areolar) connective tissue do?

elastic that provides support to small glands

what is the function of dense tissues(connective)?

provides flexibility and strength

What are examples of dense tissues

Tendons, ligaments, and sheaths surrounding muscle

What is the function of Adipose (connective)?

contract and produce force and movement

what is the cardiac muscle connected to?

the heart

where is the smooth muscle located?

the internal muscle

where is the skeletal muscle located

bone for movement

what do neural tissues do?

carry info in chemical/electrical signals

How do action potentials work?

signals or info is sent to the nervous system and out bodies react

what is the function of the cell membrane?

gatekeeper

what does the lipid bilayer do

established a barrier

What do proteins in the cell membrane do

controls what gets through

what does the cytoplasm do

holds all the material inside

what does the cytosol do?

holds dissolved nutrients, proteins, ions, and waste

what do inclusions do?

insoluble non-organelles that provide nutrients, lipid, storage and carbohydrate

what does the cytoskeleton do?

provides shape and elasticity, movement and attached to surrounding tissues

what do organelles do?

membrane bound compartments with different functions

How much water is a person made from

60%

what is the function of water in the body?

moves particles

what are too main compartments for body fluids

Intracellular and extracellular

what % is ICF of the body’s weight?

40%

what % is ECF of the body’s weight

20%

How much of ECF is plasma?

25%

How much of ECF is interstitial?

75%

Extensive variable

A variable that depends on the system size

Examples of an extensive variables

mass. volume, energy

Intensive variable

does NOT depend on the system size

Examples of intensive variables

temperature, density, pressure

what is a solute

molecules that are dissolved

What is an electrolyte

a molecule that can change the movement

what is a solvent

a substance that dissolved a molecule

What is dissociation

process where ionic compounds separate/split into smaller particles