HIV/AIDS Lecture Notes

Vocabulary flashcards based on key concepts from the Lecture on HIV/AIDS, covering definitions and important terms related to the topic.

Virus

A microscopic particle that can infect the cells of a biological organism; lacks self-reproduction outside a host cell.

Retrovirus

A virus belonging to the family Retroviridae that integrates its RNA genome into the DNA of host cells via reverse transcription.

HIV

Human immunodeficiency virus, a retrovirus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

AIDS

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, a condition where the immune system begins to fail, leading to life-threatening infections.

Viral Load

A measure of the severity of a viral infection, estimated by calculating the amount of virus in body fluids.

Seroconversion

The development of detectable specific antibodies to microorganisms in the serum as a result of infection or immunization.

Antibody Test

A test that checks for the presence of antibodies in the blood, typically taking 23 to 90 days to show HIV infection.

Nucleic Acid Test (NAT)

A test that detects the actual virus in the blood and can indicate the amount of virus present.

Postexposure Prophylaxis (PEP)

A treatment recommended for healthcare workers exposed to HIV, requiring action within 72 hours of exposure.

Window Period

The time from initial infection with HIV until antibodies are detectable, usually lasting 3-8 weeks.