religion test

Soul (according to Aristotle)

The form of a living thing.

Three kinds of soul

Vegetal, Animal, Rational.

Powers of the second kind of soul

Sensitive, Locomotive.

Three acts of the intellect

Understanding, Judgment, Reasoning.

Human dignity

All humans are made in the image and likeness of God (Rational soul).

Virtues

Perfections of our rational powers that make us better humans and more like God.

Acquired virtue vs. Infused virtue

Acquired virtues can be learned by exercising rational powers; infused virtues cannot be obtained without God's infusion.

Meaning of 'angelos' (Greek) and 'malakh' (Hebrew)

Messenger.

Nine choirs of angels

Seraphim, Cherubim, Thrones, Dominions, Virtues, Powers, Principalities, Archangels, Angels.

Difference between angel and demon

Moral only; angels choose to do God's will, while demons choose to oppose it.

What makes humans 'Imago Dei'?

Humans have intellect and will (rational, immaterial soul).

Powers of the first kind of soul

Nutritive, Augmentative.

Sensitive power includes

External senses (the 5), internal senses (cognition—memory, imagination, estimation, coordination), emotions.

Two acquired virtues

Prudence, Justice, Fortitude, Temperance, etc.

Meaning of the Greek word 'daimon'

Spirit.

Basic job description of angels

Agents of divine providence (how God gets stuff done in the world).

Privation theory of evil

Evil is the lack of a due good.

Two kinds of evil discussed in the Catechism

Moral (sin) and physical (suffering, pain, loss).

Moral evil existence

Possible due to finite creatures with free will.

Lies told by the serpent to Eve

You will not die, you will be like God, you will know good and evil.

Harmonies destroyed by the sin of Adam and Eve

Harmony between humans and God, humans and creation, and humans and the universe.

St. Augustine's definition of (actual) sin

Sin is a deed, word, or desire contrary to divine law.

Greatest example of good from evil (Catechism)

The death of Jesus; that death became the way He saved us.

Truth in the serpent's temptation of Eve

They don’t die immediately, they do know good and evil in a new (really bad) way.

Definition of Original Sin

The wounding effect of the first sin of Adam and Eve on human nature.

Punishment of Adam (first sin)

Must labor and struggle against the earth for survival; he dies and returns to dust.

Punishment of Eve (first sin)

Experiences pain in bringing children into the world; dominated by her husband.

Four effects of Original Sin

Darkened Intellect; Weakened Will; Disintegration; Concupiscence

Darkened Intellect

We have trouble distinguishing good from evil

Weakened Will

Fail to avoid evil and don’t do good

Disintegration

Passions rebel against reason

Concupiscence

Enjoying evil