Intro to Chemistry Midterm Review

Intro to Chem flashcards for biology midterm

Atomic Number

number of protons and electrons

Atomic Mass

The amount of mass in an atom

Protons

Positively charged

Electrons

Negatively charged

Neutrons

neutrally charged

The atomic number is equal to..

The number of protons and number of electrons

Number of neutrons

Atomic mass - atomic number

Ionic bond

transfers electrons

Covalent bonds

Shares electrons

Polar: Unequally

Non-polar: Equally

Isotope

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Bohr Model

Model of the atom

Valence electron number

The number of electrons on the final layer of a bohr model

Amount of electrons on each bohr model shell

1st shell: 2 electrons

2nd shell: 8 electrons

3rd shell: 18 electrons

4th shell: 32 electrons

Cation

Positively charged ion

Anion

Negatively charged ion

Hydrogen bonds

An attraction between positive H and negative O in 2 different H₂0 molecules.

Surface tension

Property allowing liquid to resist external force

Adhesion

Attraction between 2 different properties

Cohesion

Attraction between 2 of the same properties

Acids

pH under 7 - gain hydrogen ions and create hydronium

Bases/Alkaline

pH above 7 - lose hydrogen ions and creates hydroxide