Biology Test

Living organisms

Biotic

Non-living organism

Abiotic

Group of organisms of the same species living together

Population

Group of organisms of different species living togethe

Community

Group of different living and non-living organisms living together

Ecosystem

All of the regions on earth together

Biosphere

Levels on a food chain

Trophic Levels

Automatically make their own food and energy. Usually a plant.

Autotrophs

Needs to eat to get energy and food. Usually an animal

Heterotroph

___________ makes up most of the gas in the atmosphere (78%)

Nitrogen/n2

what is important to living organisms and is used in the production of amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids, ( dna , rna)

nitrogen

how do plants absorb nitrogen and make it accesible to them, and how can't they access nitrogen

they can't absorb it through the air

what type of organism can abosrb nitrogen directly from the atmosphere

onky a few single cell organism

plants have to change nitrogen into a different form to absorb it what is this called, e.g. nitrates or ammonia

nitrogen fixation

what's the order of the nitrogen cycle, steps?

lightning, absorption, ingestion, decomposition, ammonification, nitrification , denitrification

explain the lightning phase of the nitrogen cycle

nitrogen turns into nitrates by lightning. because of this tons of algae grows, this increases the number of nitrates that fall onto the earth in rainwater acting as fertilizer

explaion the absorption phase of nitrogen cycle

ammonia and nitrates are absorbed by plants through their roots

explain the ingestion phase of nitrogen cycle

humans and animals get their nitrogen supplies by eating plants or plant eating animals

explain the decomposition phase in nitrogen cycle

bactria and fungi break down proteins and amino acids from plants and animals

explain the ammonification phase in nitrogen cycle

the nitrogenous breakdown products of amino acids are converted into ammonia (NH3) by these decomposing bacteria

explain the nitrification phase in nitrogen cycle

it's the conversion of the ammonia to nitrates (NO3)by nitrifying bacteria

exlain the denitrification phase in nitrogen cycle

bacteria converts ammonia and nitrates into nitrogen and nitrous oxide (NO). Nitrogen is returned to the atmosphere to start the cycle over again.

Kal and maybe Raya

Who's the best person in the world?

An animal that only eats meat

Carnivore

Substances that don't contain Hydrogen and Carbon together

What are inorganic substances?

Describe the Matter Cycle

Sun-Plants-Herbivores-Carnivores-Decomposers-Restart Cycle

Examples of organic substances

Proteins, carbohydrates and fats(lipids)

Examples of Inorganic substances

Carbon dioxide and water

Substances that contain Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

What are organic substances?

Dispersion

The pattern of animals and plants

Dispersion - Random

Very scattered and far apart

Dispersion - Uniform

Perfectly spaced out. Even

Dispersion - Clumped

Forced into a group

what is a decomposer

An organism that breaks down other living things to obtain nutrients/energy.

what's another way to write atmospheric nitrogen

N2

whats another way to write nitrates

NO3-

whats another way to write ammoniym

NH4+

whats another way to write nitrites

NO2-

explain capture recapture sapmpling

a specific species is captured marked and released, then they recapture more of those specific specis and see how many were marked from the first capture, to figure out how many of those species there are in a population

what are the three different types of symbiosis

mutualism, commensalism, parasitism

what is the mutualism relationship, e.g.

both are benefited, crocodile and little birds eating food from teeth

what is commmensialism relationsihp, e.g.

one is benefite one is mutual, fish and shark fish gets a ride to get food shark isn't benefited or harmed

what is parasitism relationship, e.g.

one is benefited and one is harmed, lice on hair get to eat blood, but humans are harmed by these lbugs in their hairand being itchy

how do you do the math for capture recapturing

you multiply the number of marked species in the first catch by the number of species in the second catch divided by the number in the second catch that were marked

explain capture recapture sampling with these numbers, first cathc = 50, second total catch = 200 , second cathc that were already marked = 20

50x 200 /20

is capture recapture sampling always accurate

no, bc if an animal is already trapped once they may be more cauion of traps, or the opposite being tht if the animal learnes there is food in the trap may purposelfy return for more food

what is the purpose of pyramid of numbers

to show the quantity of biotic things in a food link in a different form

how does energy flow in the matter cycle

Energy flows in as sunlight and out as heat