APUSH Chapter 16-19

When President Jackson vetoed the Bank of America’s renewal charter because he didn't like monopolized banks which led to money being put into random smaller banks.

Bank Wars

The idea that land should be paid in cash

Specie circular

An economic crisis due to the fact that credit wasn’t allowed to be used to pay for land

Panic of 1837

A northern party that supported tariffs and hated Jackson

Whigs

The first president that was born in the USA that created the independent Treasury system

Van Buren 

When Texans fought 6000 Mexican soldiers in the Texan Revolution from Mexico

The Alamo

People whose jobs were to punish slaves

Breakers

The area in the Deep South that allowed slaves to have more of a family life and more of their own culture

Black Belt

The style that mixed African culture with Christian preaching

Responsorial

Where slaves were traded off inside of the US

The Second Middle Passage

A slave rebellion that killed 60 Virginians (mostly women and children) 

Nat Turner’s Rebellion

A group of people that wanted to force all black slaves back to Africa

American Colonization Society

A person that was heavily against slavery and outwardly discussed his opinions in his newspaper

William Lloyd Garrison

William Lloyd Garrison’s newspaper

The Liberator

A group of people completely against slavery including Wendell Phillips

American Anti-Slavery Society

David Walker’s book 

Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World (1829)

An auto biography written by Fredrick Douglass

Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass

36’30°

Mason-Dixon Line

The law that didn’t tolerate any anti-slavery talk

Gag Resolution

Said slavery was an overall good

John C. Calhoun

Said slave conditions were better than northern white worker conditions

George Fitzhugh

The president elected in 1840 who died of pneumonia 4 weeks after he was elected

William Henry Harrison

The curse that all presidents elected on a year ending with a zero will die during their term in office

Tecumseh’s curse 

A 32% tax on dutiable goods because the treasury needed money

Tariff of 1842

A ship that was set on fire by Canadians

Caroline

A ship attacked by free slaves in the Bahamas

Creole

The president elected in 1844

James K. Polk

The idea that it was America’s destiny to move west directed by God

Manifest Destiny

The slogan for people who wanted to move west to gain Oregon territory up to the 54’40° line

“Fifty-Four Forty or Fight”

An American abolitionist party that caused Henry Clay’s loss of being elected president

Liberty Party

Brought the Tariff of 1842 from 32% to 25%

Walker Tariff

Mexican-American general and future president

Zachary Taylor

Abraham Lincoln’s questions of the exact location of the first shots that were fired in the Mexican-American War

Spot Resolution

Where Taylor led his men to victory in Mexico

Buena Vista

The treaty that ended the Mexican-American War

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Anti-slave Whigs

Conscience Whigs

The idea that no new territory would be slave territory

Wilmot Proviso

A British squadron that shut down illegal slave trade

West African Squadron

A presidential nominee that wanted pop sov

Lewis Cass

The idea that the people of a state get to choose if the state is a free or a slave state

Popular Sovereignty

A political party that wanted to end the expansion of slavery

Free Soil Party

When thousands of people fled west in search of striking it rich

California Gold Rush

The chain of abolitionists that lead slaves to free states

Underground Railroad

A person that proposed more strict fugitive-slave laws for a compromise

Stephen A. Douglass 

A speech given by Daniel Webster about compromise in wanting more strict fugitive-slave laws and the Wilmot Proviso. 

Seventh of March Speech

A compromise that supported pop sov and more slave laws while making California a free state (ended the Missouri Compromise)

The Compromise of 1850

Laws that forced northerners to send fugitive slaves back to their masters 

Fugitive-Slave Laws

The Isthmus of Panama is allowed for the British and Americans if they don’t block other people from using the “railroad”

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty

Made by American ministers in Belgium that decided that America would pay 120 million for Cuba or they would wage war → angry northerners

Onsend Manifesto

Caleb Cushing made the first treaty with China

Treaty of Wanghia

Strong-armed Japan into trade

Matthew Perry

The treaty made with Japan

Treaty of Kanagawa

When the South wanted the Transcontinental railroad to be in the South so they paid 10 million for a teeny bit of land

Gadsden Purchase

An act that allowed pop sov in Kansas and Nebraska that ended up changing many other things

Kansas-Nebraska Act

A northern party that was fully sectional

The Republican Party

A book written by Harriot Beecher Stowe that highlighted the real lives of slaves

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Written by Hinton R. Helper that was meant to appeal to non-slave owning whites

The Impending Crisis of the South

A company that sent northerners to Kansas to make it a pop sov state

New England Emigrant Aid Company

A violent activist that wanted to end slavery

John Brown

A Kansas constitution that was completely biased for slavery

Lecompton Constitution

A civil war in Kansas

Bleeding Kansas

The president that did NOTHING

James Buchanan

The trail that said slaves weren’t people

Dred Scott v. Stanford

An economy crash that was because of the California Gold Rush and overstimulated grain growing

Panic of 1857

Lowered tariffs to 20%

Tariff of 1857

Debates between Illinois Senator candidates that lasted 7 days

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

Should pop sov remain?

Freeport Question

Pop sov should remain

Freeport Doctrine

John Brown’s attack on Virginia that didn’t work

Harpers Ferry

Old Know-Nothings and Whigs last-ditch party

Constitutional Union Party

The last chance to try to get 36’30° back

Crittenden Amendments

The group of states that succeeded 

Confederate States of America