Adaptive Immunity B Cells

What type of immunity are B Cells?

Humoral immunity

Where do B Cells develop?

In the bone marrow

What do B Cells develop from?

Haemopoetic stem cells

Do B cells require antigen presentation?

not primarily

What is the difference between an antibody and a BCR

free floating vs membrane bound

What forms of selection do B cells go under?

positive and negative selection

What happens to B cells which have the potential to be functional?

They can undergo editing

Once matured but unactivated, what are B cells known as?

naive B cells

What is the other option for disfunctional B cells which isnt apoptosis?

Enter a state of anergy (state of non-responsiveness)

What does failure of the negative selection process result in?

autoimmune disease

What can carrier proteins do?

bind to small molecules, making them available for being responded against

What are the 5 isotypes of immunoglobulin?

A, D, E, G, M

What is this part of the antibody called?

Heavy chain

What is this part of the antibody called?

Light Chain

What is the red region?

The variable region

What is the blue region?

The constant region

What is the brown region?

The antigen

What is the Fc region of an antibody?

The region under the bends

What is the Fab region of an antibody?

Fragment antigen binding region

What is the body structure of IgM

pentamer

What is the body structure of IgG

Monomer

What is the body structure of IgA

Diamer

What is the body structure of IgE

monomer

What is the function of IgM

Initial response

What is the function of IgG

Major antibody involved in secondary response

What is the function of IgA

Major antibody in mucus and other bodily secretions (eg: spit/tears)

What is the function of IgE

Allergy and inflmatatory response

What is class switching?

Diferrent cytokines secreted cause the activated B cell to create diferrent isotypes of immunoglobulins

What stays and what changes throughout class switching?

The variable region stays whilst the constant region changes (same antigen binding site)

Which antibody enters the placenta from the mother, providing immunity?

IgG

What does a Type 1 hypersensitivity response do?

immediet hypersensitivity

IgE and histamine

eg: hay fever