Positioning M3 Sinuses

For all views:

1. What is the collimation?

2. How is the patient positioned?

3. Bucky or TT?

4. What is the SID

5. Breathing instructions?

1. 8 × 10 or smaller LW

2. upright

3. wall bucky

4. 40”

5. suspended respiration

Which will be demonstrated the maxillary sinuses?

1. PA axial

2. SMV

3. Parietoacanthial (waters)

Parietoacanthial (waters)

At which level should the CR enter the base of the skull for the SMV projection of the sinuses?

3/4” anterior to level of EAM

Where are the petrous ridges seen on a Parietoacanthial (waters) method

Inferior to floor of maxillary sinuses

What is the largest sinus

Maxillary

Which projection will show the frontal sinuses without superimposition

PA axial

For the Lateral Sinuses:

1. How is the patient positioned?

2. MSP of head is ____ with IR plane

3. IPL is ______ to IR plane

4. IOML is ______ to the transverse axis of the IR

1. seated erect in anterior oblique position

2. parallel

3. perpendicular

4. parallel

For the Lateral Sinuses:

1. Where does the CR enter?

2. What should be in the light field?

1. ½” - 1” posterior to outer canthus (midway between outer canthus & EAM)

2. all sinus structures

Which view is the only view that demonstrates all of the sinuses?

Lateral

What is the PA Axial Sinus View AKA?

Caldwell Method

For the PA Axial Sinuses:

1. What grid technique can you use?

2. Where does the CR exit?

3. Patient’s OML should be at what angle to the CR?

4. MSP is _____ to IR

1. vertical grid technique

2. nasion

3. 15 degrees

4. perpendicular

How is the Caldwell skull different from the Caldwell Sinuses?

skull: uses 15 degree caudal angle

sinuses: OML is 15 degrees from horizontal

For the PA Axial Sinuses:

1. Where are the petrous ridges seen?

2. What sinuses are demonstrated?

1. in lower 1/3 of orbits

2. frontal & ethmoid sinuses

What is the Parietoacanthial Projection Sinus Projection AKA?

Waters Method

For the Waters Method Sinuses:

1. How is the patient positioned?

2. The patient’s neck needs to be hyperextended to place ___ at ___ degree angle from IR plane

3. MSP & MML is ______ to the IR

4. Where does the CR exit?

1. seated erect, facing bucky

2. OML; 37

3. perpendicular

4. exits acanthion

What does the Waters method Sinus view done open mouth show?

sphenoid sinuses

also shows frontal & maxillary

For the Waters Sinus view:

1. What sinuses are demonstrated?

2. Where are the petrous ridges?

1. maxillary sinuses

2. below maxillary sinuses

For the SMV sinuses projection?

1. What part of the patient is touching the IR?

2. MSP is ____ to IR

3. Neck needs to be extended to place _____ parallel to IR

1. vertex of head

2. perpendicular

3. IOML

For the SMV sinuses view:

1. The CR is perpendicular to what line?

2. Where does the CR enter?

1. IOML

2. enters MSP ¾” anterior to EAM, midway between angles of mandible, 1 1/2” - 2” inferior to mandibular symphasis

For the SMV sinus view, where are the mandibular condyles placed?

anterior to petrous ridges

What extra view is added in this set?

Portable Lateral Skull

For the Portable Lateral Skull:

1. What is the collimation?

2. CW or LW?

3. What is the SID?

4. Do you use a grid?

1. 10 × 12”

2. CW

3. 40”

4. yes

For the Portable Lateral Skull:

1. How is the patient positioned if they are NOT in a C collar?

2. MSP is ____ to IR

3. IPL is _____ to IR

4. IOML is ____ IR

5. What should you do to the head?

1. true lateral

2. parallel

3. perpendicular

4. parallel

5. build up with a sponge so you don’t clip off skull

For the Portable Lateral Skull, where does the CR exit? How much of IR above vertex of head?

2” superior to EAM

1-2” of IR

anterior & posterior skull not clipped

For the Portable Lateral Skull, what anatomy is seen?

1. sella turcica

2. anterior clinoid process

3. dorsum sellae

4. posterior clinoid process

5. air fluid levels

What are the purposes on the sinuses?

1. resonating chamber for voice

2. decreases weight of skull by containing air

3. warms/moistens inhaled air

4. shock absorber in trauma

5. helps control immune system

What sinuses are well developed at birth and can be seen radiographically?

maxillary sinuses

T/F: AEC is not recommended for sinuses

true