Unit 12: Entropy - ICPS Quest

entropy

measure of disorder/randomness of system (S + ΔS)

unit: J/k

example: messy room = higher S (entropy), takes energy to clean

spontaneity

tendency of a process to occur without energy outside the system (ΔS + ΔH)

microstate

possible configurations in a system

configurations => position (more ways can break - more entropy) + energy

example: breaking an egg OR saturday vs tuseday 8pm library population (tues = high S vs saturday = low S)

second law of thermodynamics

total entropy of the universe increases in a spontaneous process

formula: ΔSuniverse = ΔSsurroundings + ΔSsystem

spontaneous

reaction occurring by itself

example: combustion (fire)

non-spontaneous

reaction requiring a constant energy impact

impacts on entropy

volume, quantity, time

melting (entropy change occuring)