Unit 2 Compound Structure and Properties

covalent bonds

produced when two nonmetals share electrons

nonpolar covalent bond

a bond between two nonmetals share electrons equally or almost equally

polar covalent bond

a bond between two nonmetals share electrons unequally

metallic bonding

bond between two metals where electrons can move freely

what can metallic bonding and metal alloys do

conduct electricity

what is an ionic bond

a metal and nonmetal they seperate into seperate

what is the strongest bond

ionic bonds

how do you tell which has highest melting/boiling point

strongest charge and IMF

lattice energy

energy released when ions are combined into ionic compound

substitutional alloys

all equal atom substitute size

interstitial alloys

small atoms in between bigger ones

how to calculate formal charge

their atomic number subtract their lone pairs

how to determine hybridization

add number of sigma bonds to number of unshared electron pairs

what is the hybridization of each

2

3

4

then the hybridzation is…

sp

sp²

sp³

VSEPR Theory

explains why molecules take the shapes they do

characteristics of polar molecule

are unbalanes regions of negative charge

what do FONCLBRISCH tell you

can cancel out between one another

how can you tell if a covalent bond is polar or nonpolar?

see how far they are from eachother on the periodic table

farther= polar

closer= nonpolar

determine bond order

single bond

double bond

triple bond

• longest, weakest energy

• intermediate length and stronger energy

• shortest, strongest energy

what do you do if both the bonds are single or double or triple?

look at atomic radii

larger radi to smaller= greater energy

picometer graph

bond length= distance of lowest look at x axis

bond energy/enthalpy= look at y axis (always look at lowest)