INEFFABLE - adj. too great or extreme to be expressed or described in words.

MOROSE - adj. sullen, gloomy, sad, depressed

rich - wealthy

brave - valiant

sad - melancholic

think - consider

very friendly - amiable

ask - inquire

buy - purchase

anyway - nevertheless

need - require

get - obtain

READING - defined according to two types (Lapp and Flood, 1978)

• a decoding process

• a comprehension process

MOTIVATION

• word recognition

• comprehension

• fluency

WHY DO WE READ?

• to develop a broad background

• to anticipate and predict

• to create motivation and interest

• to build a good vocabulary

• for pleasure and enjoyment

BENEFITS OF READING

• exposes readers to accurate spelling and correct forms of writing

• shows readers how to write more complex sentences

• invites writers to be more experimental in their own writing

• allows readers to hear the thoughts of others

WRITING

• a method of representing language in visual or tactile form

• a system of graphic symbols that can be used to convey meaning

BENEFITS OF WRITING

• allows writes to voice their thoughts

• provides writers with a vehicle to use their imaginations

• gives writers a chance to engage in a conversation with other writers

GENRE

• A particular subject or style of literature, art, or music, etc.

• A class or category of artistic endeavor having a particular form, content, technique, or the like

INFORMATIONAL TEXTS

• A subset of the larger category of non-fiction (Duke & Bennett-Armistead, 2003)

• The primary purpose is to inform the reader about the natural or social world

KINDS OF INFORMATIONAL TEXTS

• Encyclopedia

• magazines

• textbooks

• newspaper/periodicals

• websites

• other reference materials

Encyclopedia - A book or set of books giving information on many subjects or many aspects of one subject; typically arranged alphabetically

Newspaper/periodicals - A publication consisting of a number of large sheets of folded paper where information is printed

Magazines - A publication with a paper cover which is issued regularly; contains articles, stories, photographs, and advertisements

Textbooks - contains facts about particular subject that is used by people studying that subject

LITERARY TEXTS

• pieces of written material, such as a book or poem, that has the purpose of telling a story or entertaining

• Usually aesthetic but may also contain political messages or beliefs

KINDS OF LITERARY TEXT

• drama

• fable

• fairytale

• fantasy

• folklore

• historical fiction

• horror

• humor

• legend

• mystery

• mythology

• realistic fiction

• science fiction

• biography/autobiography

Fable - demonstrates useful truth in which animals speak as humans

Fairytales - stories about fairies and other magical creatures, usually for children

Fantasy - fiction with strange or otherworldly settings or characters. invites suspension of reality

Folklore - songs, stories, myths, and proverbs of a people or “folk” as handed down by word of mouth

Legend or Epic - story, sometimes about a national or folk hero, which has a basis in fact but also includes imaginative material

Historical fiction - a story with fictional characters and events in a historical setting

Horror - events evoke a feeling of fear or dread in both the characters and the reader

Humor - the intention is to make their audience/reader laugh, lighter in tone

Mystery - deals with the solution of a crime or the unraveling of secrets

Mythology - Traditional narrative, often partly based on historical events

Realistic Fiction - Story that can happen and is true to life

Science fiction - based on impact of actual, imagined or potential science

Biography/autobiography - Narrative of a person’s life

Biography - the life history of an individual, written by someone else

Autobiography - the story of a person's life, written by that person