BIOL1263 Living Organisms II - Diversity and Classification of Organisms

A set of flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the BIOL1263 Living Organisms II lecture on the diversity and classification of organisms.

Three Domains of Life

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya, categorized based on DNA.

Monophyletic Taxon

A group that includes all descendants of a single ancestor.

Paraphyletic Taxon

A group that includes some but not all descendants of a common ancestor.

Phylogenetic Tree

A diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among species or populations.

Amoebas

Polyphyletic group of protists that use pseudopodia for movement and food ingestion.

Euglena

A free-living autotroph with prominent chloroplasts, characterized by flagella.

Trypanosoma

A genus of kinetoplastids causing diseases such as sleeping sickness and Chagas disease.

Dinoflagellates

A group of protists known for photosynthesis and causing phenomena like red tides.

Ciliates

A group of protozoa characterized by the presence of cilia, including Paramecium.

Apicomplexans

Parasitic protists like Plasmodium that have complex life cycles and cause diseases like malaria.

Foraminiferans

Marine protists characterized by their porous calcium carbonate test.

Radiolarians

Marine protists with silica skeletons and distinct lattice shells.

Classification Hierarchy

Levels in taxonomy, including Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.

Taxonomy

The science of naming, describing, and classifying organisms.

Giardia

A genus of diplomonads that causes giardiasis, characterized by its dual nuclei.

Mnemonic for Taxonomic Ranks

'Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup' helps recall the classification hierarchy.

Eukarya

The domain that includes all eukaryotic organisms, such as plants, animals, fungi, and protists.