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Fort Sumter
A federal fort in Charleston, South Carolina that became the flashpoint of the Civil War
Confederate forces attacked soon-to-be “Union” soldiers after President Lincoln tried to resupply them
beginning, final
Fort Sumter represents the ? of active hostilities between the North and South, sparking the Civil War
it’s the ? break
Border States
Slave states that bordered the free states in the North, but did not secede out of loyalty to the Union
Some states had votes to decide on secession, but the majority of people decided against it
Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, West Virginia
The border states included
? (starts with D)
? (starts with M)
? (starts with K)
? (starts with M)
? (starts with W)
divided, extreme, buffer
The border states reflected the ? loyalties within America
they often used ? measures to prevent secession
they acted as ? zones for the Civil War
Billy Yank
The personification of determined Union soldiers
Often associated with industrial backgrounds
Johnny Reb
The personification of the Southern, Confederate soldier
Embodied rural life
cultural, social, propaganda
Billy Yank and Johnny Reb highlighted the ? and ? differences between the North and South
they were used as ? to boost morale on both sides
Trent Affair
A diplomatic crisis in 1861 between the US and UK that almost sparked war
Union ship intercepted British mail streamer Trent
Was an attempt to seize Confederate diplomats
England saw it as a violation of neutrality
The diplomats were eventually released by the US to prevent tensions
balance, foreign
The Trent Affair was critical to understanding the delicate ? the Union needed to maintain with ? powers during the Civil War
CSS Alabama
a Confederate commerce raider built in England that wrecked havoc on Union merchant ships during the Civil War
operated by Confederate Captain Raphael Semmes
naval, foreign
The CSS Alabama highlighted the challenges of ? activities during the Civil War
Represented the broader impact of ?-built ships as well
Morrill Tariff Act
an Act passed in 1861 that raised tariffs to protect American industries
generated revenue for the Union during the Civil War
aligned with Northern industrial interests
protective, major
The Morrill Tariff Act marked a shift towards more ? economic policies that would last post-Civil-War
it was a ? source of revenue for the Union
National Banking System
A banking system established in 1863 to create a stable, uniform national currency to fund the Union’s war effort
issued currency backed by federal bonds
banking, currency, investments
The National Banking System laid the groundwork for future ? reforms
helped standardize ? in America
encouraged making ?
Note 
Flashcard (44)