Henry VIII Foreign Policy Essay Plans

What are the 14 topics/events in Henry VIII's foreign policy?

- First French Invasion

- Second French Invasion

- Battle of Flodden

- English Isolation (1514-1518)

- Treaty of London

- Field of the Cloth of Gold

- Alliances with Charles V

- Alliances with Francis

- English Demise and Isolation

- Repercussions from Break

- Threat of Invasion

- Ireland

- Battle of Solway Moss

- Final French Invasion

Summarise the view of whether Henry's policies were successful in one sentence?

Henry's foreign policies failed to achieve most of his aims, and his successes were intermittent and had few long-term benefits

Summarise the view of whether Henry's policies were weak in one sentence?

Henry's foreign policies were strong, and the majority of his failures were due to factors outside his control

Summarise the view of what Henry's main driving forces were in one sentence?

Henry's main driving force was to take the French crown, with other factors such as preventing invasion, dynastic stability and European respect taking a minor role

Summarise the view of whether Henry was responsible for foreign policy failures in one sentence?

Henry appeared to overrule his advisors on foreign policy decisions, and the failure of the policies in practice were mainly due to his naivety and bad judgement.

(Success) For the success essay, what are the focusses of the four paragraphs?

- French crown (failure)

- European respect (failure)

- Securing the succession (success)

- National security (success)

(Success) What are the two pieces of evidence for the French crown paragraph?

- 1512 French invasion

- 1544 French invasion

(Success) What are the two pieces of evidence for the European respect paragraph?

- 1514 to 1518 Isolation

- Battle of Pavia

(Success) What are the two pieces of evidence for the securing the succession paragraph?

- Treaty of Westminster

- Treaty of Greenwich

(Success) What are the two pieces of evidence for the national security paragraph?

- Battle of Flodden

- Treaty of London

(Weak) For the weak essay, what are the focusses of the four paragraphs?

- French invasions (strong)

- Defence against invasion (strong)

- Failure to capitalise (weak)

- Periods of isolation (weak)

(Weak) What are the two pieces of evidence for the French invasions paragraph?

- 1513 French invasion

- 1544 French invasion

(Weak) What are the two pieces of evidence for the defence against invasion paragraph?

- Battle of Flodden

- Battle of Solway Moss

(Weak) What are the two pieces of evidence for the periods of isolation paragraph?

- 1514 to 1518 isolation

- Break from Rome

(Weak) What are the two pieces of evidence for the failure to capitalise paragraph?

- Battle of Pavia

- Treaty of Greenwich

(Driving Forces) For the driving forces essay, what are the focusses of the four paragraphs?

- French crown (main)

- Securing the succession (minor)

- European respect (minor)

- National security (minor)

(Driving Forces) What are the two pieces of evidence for the French crown paragraph?

- 1512 French invasion

- 1544 French invasion

(Driving Forces) What are the two pieces of evidence for the securing the succession paragraph?

- Treaty of Westminster

- Treaty of Greenwich

(Driving Forces) What are the two pieces of evidence for the European respect paragraph?

- Field of the Cloth of Gold

- Anger over betrayals (e.g. Pavia)

(Driving Forces) What are the two pieces of evidence for the national security paragraph?

- Battle of Flodden

- Battle of Solway Moss

(Henry's Responsibility) For the Henry's responsibility essay, what are the focusses of the four paragraphs?

- Henry made decisions

- Councillors made decisions

- Failures due to Henry

- Failures due to European powers

(Henry's Responsibility) What are the two pieces of evidence for the Henry made decisions paragraph?

- 1512 French Invasion

- 1544 French Invasion

(Henry's Responsibility) What are the two pieces of evidence for councillors made decisions paragraph?

- Actions during 1514 to 1518 isolation

- Treaty of London

(Henry's Responsibility) What are the two pieces of evidence for the failures due to Henry paragraph?

- Ireland

- Treaty of Greenwich

(Henry's Responsibility) What are the two pieces of evidence for the failures due to European powers paragraph?

- Isolation of 1514 to 1518

- Diplomatic reversal