Levels of Organization in Biological Systems

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to the levels of organization in biological systems.

Atom

Smallest unit of a chemical element composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Molecule

A group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound.

Macromolecule

A large molecule, such as nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, formed by the joining of smaller molecules.

Organelle

A cellular structure that performs a specific function within a cell.

Cell

The structural and functional unit of all living organisms; the basic building block of life.

Tissue

A group of cells of the same type that work together to perform a specific function.

Organ

A structure composed of two or more types of tissues working together to perform a specific function.

Organ system

A group of organs that work together to perform complex functions for the organism.

Epithelial tissue

A type of tissue that covers body surfaces and lines cavities.

Connective tissue

Tissue that supports and protects organs; includes various types such as blood and bone.

Muscle tissue

Tissue that generates force to allow movement.

Nervous tissue

Tissue that uses electrical signals for communication within the body.

Organism

A living entity that exhibits organized structure, can react to stimuli, reproduce, grow, adapt, and maintain homeostasis.

Carbohydrates

Organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, primarily used for energy.

Proteins

Large biomolecules made of amino acids that perform a variety of functions in the body.

Nucleic acids

Biomacromolecules, such as DNA and RNA, that carry genetic information.

Homeostasis

The ability of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions despite changes in the environment.