Applied Physio lectures 34 and 35 (exam 3)

These flashcards contain key vocabulary and definitions from the Gas Exchange and Transport lecture to aid in exam preparation.

O2 Dissociation Curve

Graph showing the relationship between the partial pressure of O2 and the saturation of hemoglobin.

Bohr Effect

The phenomenon where increased CO2 levels lead to decreased affinity of hemoglobin for O2.

Diffusion Distance

The distance gases must travel to move between alveoli and blood, typically about 1 µm.

Pulmonary Ventilation

The process of moving air in and out of the lungs.

Acidosis

A condition where the pH of blood is below 7.35.

Alkalosis

A condition where the pH of blood is above 7.44.

Atmospheric Pressure (PB)

The pressure exerted by the weight of the atmosphere, typically around 760 mmHg.

Interstitial Fluid PO2

The partial pressure of oxygen in the fluid surrounding cells, typically around 40 mmHg.

Saturation of Hemoglobin (SO2)

The percentage of available hemoglobin binding sites occupied by oxygen.

Hemoglobin Concentration

The amount of hemoglobin in the blood, typically 15 g/dL.

Acid-Base Regulation

The mechanisms the body uses to maintain pH within a narrow range.

Haldane Effect

The phenomenon where the binding of O2 to hemoglobin decreases its affinity for CO2.

Oxygen Consumption (VO2)

The rate at which oxygen is used by tissues, typically expressed in mL/min.

Qa calculated with Cos rate

Qa = Qco2/PaCo2(Pb (barometric pressure)-47)

and

PaCO2 = QcO2/Qa (Pb-47)

Alveolar gas equation

PaO2 = flO2 (mole fraction of gas inspired) x (Pb - 47 ) - 1/R x PaCO2

Co2 carried into blood from tissue to lung equations

Qco2 = Qa([Co2]v - [CO2]a)

Oxygen consumption equation

Qo2 = Qa([O2]a - [O2]v)

Hemoglobin and Oxygen

hemoglobin delivers oxygen to tissues, only dissolved )2 diffuses across membrane

Oxygen dissociation curve

sensitive to T, pH and [CO2]. exercise shifts T, pH and [CO2] resulting in more O2 delivery. Main mechanism of O2 delivery

Oxygen delivery to tissues

2% dissolved, 98% from hemoglobin. Continuous gradient of Po2 from blood to mitochondria. O2 diffuses down partial pressure gradients

Co2 carried in blood

dissolved CO2 reacts with H2O to make HCO-3. Dissociates into H and bicarbonate. Dissolved 10%, As HCO-3 85%, and carbamino compounds 5%