typhoons and tides

tropical cyclones/typhoons

high speed, circular storms that originate over warm tropical waters.

Hurricanes

occur over the north atlantic and northeast pacific oceans

typhoon

develop in the northwest pacific ocean

cyclone

occur in the indian ocean near australia

continuous evaporation

this is what triggers a sequence of events that can lead to the development of a cyclone

evaporation

heat from the air over oceans and large bodies of water warms the water to at least 26.5⁰c, causing the water to _____

humidity

water vapor gets trapped in the air and rises through the atmosphere. this causes ____

condensation

humid air rises and cools, the water vapor ____ into moisture, forming clouds.

precipitation

when clouds are saturated with water, the water droplets fall back to earth as ___.

low air pressure

indicates a probability of a strong storm forming, bringing heavy rains and strong winds.

coriolis effect

influences the direction of wind movements, caused by the rotation of the earth along its axis.

convergent winds

the difference between high and low air pressure systems in the atmosphere causes the movement of winds.

air mass

large body of air that acquires the physical characteristics of the surface where it forms.

front

the boundary between air masses with different temperatures.

warm front

warm air advances over cold air

cold front

pushes under warm air mass

anticyclones

high pressure areas, much larger than depressions and produce periods of settle and calm weather.

tropical convergence zone

appears as a band of clouds consisting of showers with occasional thunderstorms.

PAR(Philippine Area of Responsibility)

a designated area in which the northwestern pacific which is bound by an imaginary line.

habagat

southwest monsoon which brings warm, moist winds and the “rainy season”

amihan

northeast monsoon which refers to the cool, “dry season” of the philippines.

orography

the study of the formation and topography of elevated landforms such as mountains and hills.

orographic lifting

air is pushed up over elevated landforms.

orographic precipitation

rain or snow forming over mountains

tide

the periodic rise and fall of sea levels caused by the gravitational pull of the sun and the moon.

spring tide

occurs when the sun, moon, and earth aligns. this occurs during a full/new moon. this generates larger tidal bulges, causing lower and higher tides than usual. also referred to as the near side.

neap tide

tide that occurs when the difference between the high and low tide is the smallest. this happens when the moon is in its first and third quarter phases, a right angle relative to the sun. the water level barely changes.

ebb tide

water flows toward the sea

flood tide

movement of the water from the low tide to the high tide.

perigee

the point in the moon’s orbit where it is closest to the earth.

apogee

the point in the moon’s orbit where it is farthest from the earth.

perihelion

the point in earth’s orbit where it is closest to the sun. it cocurs during early january. the earth moves slightly faster in its orbit.

aphelion

the point in earth’s orbit where it is farthest from the sun. the earth moves slightly slower in its orbit.

tropical convergence zone

appears as a band of clouds consisting of showers with occasional thunderstorms near the equator.

tropical cyclogenesis

the process of development of a tropical cyclone

eye

the calm center of a typhoon with the lowest air pressure and a low wind speed.

eye wall

great windspeed, wreaks a lot of damage.