Hit Chapter 6

Smallest element of a an image ?

Pixel

How is file size measured?

Bytes

Quality

How close the image looks to the original 

Size

how many bytes need to store an image 

Resolution

how detailed is the image, measured in pixels

Compression

technique used to reduce the size of an image in order to store it 

Image resolution

Refers to the number of pixels in an image 

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) =

short, repeatable video, low resolution, not great for photo images (ex. fluoroscopy) 

 Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPG or JPEG) =

widely used, great as long as quality is not a priority, stores at a small size (ex. Slides) 

Portable Document Format (PDF) =

Not an image format, better for when text & images are combined (ex. Books, websites) 

Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) =

used frequently both in & out of healthcare, maintains high image quality, stores at a very large size (ex. X-rays, CT scans, MRI’s) 

Lossless

Lose little to no quality when you compress the size, (Ex. GIF and TIFF) 

Lossy

Lose a great deal of quality when you compress the size, (Ex. JPG and PDF) 

Scanning

Process of converting paper–based data into electronic format 

Metadata

meaning or context given to the info

Examples of metadata

Creation date, patient ID, location

Structured data 

Data arranged in a defined manner or order 

Examples of structured data

Databases, iTunes

Unstructured data 

No predefined arrangement or order 

Examples of Unstructured data 

Random files on a flash drive, random songs

OCR

process of converting/translating images of written/printed text into computer readable text 

HL7

Develops standard languages for formatting electronic messages between healthcare providers 

Provider types

the various categories of healthcare providers, facilities & suppliers 

What is e-prescibing?

 1. Electronic transmission of a prescription to a pharmacy from the point of care 
2. Can lower the cost of medication transactions 
3. Improves management of traditional medication administration problems 

Medication Reconciliation

Process of avoiding medication inconsistencies across care settings (same meds, same dose, same time) 

 Bedside medication verification (BMV) 

Method of verifying correct medications are administered to the right patient, Commonly accomplished with barcodes and barcode scanner 

 Drug allergy interactions (DAI)  

– Certain drugs or drug combinations can cause  allergic reactions in some patients 
– Helpful to maintain accurate database of patient allergy list notification system

Formulary checking 

– Part of an e-prescribing process 
– Verifies prescribed medications are in the formulary 

Formulary 

– List of medications covered by a third-party payer 

What are the 4 steps used when troubleshooting interface problems (be able to list them in order) 

 1. Identification 
2. Generation 
3. Determination 
4. Confirmation 

What are the 3 main types of problems that occur HL7 messages (understand the example that is listed that uses the SSN);

•  Improperly formatted patient demographics 

• Communication link errors (problem with internet) 

• Deactivated Node 

What organization developed the national standard for e-prescribing 

National Council for Prescription Drug Programs (NCPDP) 

What is the first step when troubleshooting Medical Device Problems

Check for power

What solution can be used to prevent or improve upon all forms of power problems

Using an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) can prevent or fix all of these problems 

Brownout

many devices starting up/turning on at the same time 

Blackout

total loss of power 

Spike

lights flicker 

Electrical noise

interference

Define modules 

subunits that are small parts of a much larger software system 

Surge

short, sudden increase in voltage

What is escalation ?

reported to another technical support group 

Tier 1

Collects customer information, provides very basic support for simplest problems

Tier 2

More in-depth support from staff with more experience and knowledge

Tier 3

Usually the highest level of support; may involve staff capable of working directly with the software designers

Tier 4

In rare cases, provides direct access to software designers