SAQ Exam

Schema

A mental representation derived from prior experience or knowledge

Thinking

Using knowledge/information to interpret and make predictions about the world

Decision-making

Identifying and choosing options based on the values/preferences of the person deciding

Reconstructive memory

The theory that memories are not a perfect photograph of an event, but rather they are actively reconstructed each time they are recalled

Cognitive biases

Patterns of thinking and decision making that are consistent but inaccurate

Heuristics

Mental shortcuts that quickly generate answers with little to no thought

Neuroplasticity

The brain’s ability to change its structure in response to changes within the body or in the environment

Pheromones

Chemicals released into the environment by animals that affect the behavior of members of their own species

Enculturation

The learning and maintenance of the behaviors and norms of our own culture

Acculturation

The process of cultural and psychological change that takes place as a result of contact between two or more cultural groups

Acculturative stress

The result of the tension between enculturation (maintaining one’s cultural identity) and acculturation (changing one’s culture in order to fit in) after moving to a new place