WORLD HISTORY UNIT 1 VOCAB

Civilization

a complex human society, usually made up of different cities, with certain characteristics of cultural and technological development

City-State

a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.

irrigation

supplying dry land with water by means of ditches

artisanship

skill in a particular craft

Standard of Ur

a box, the two large sides of which show aspects of life in early Mesopotamia.

pyramids

A group of huge monuments in the Egyptian desert, built as burial vaults for the pharaohs and one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

pharaoh

the title of the ancient Egyptian kings

hieroglyphs

Eygyptians form of writing

Nile RIver

longest river that had significant interactions with Egypt

Tigris and Euphrates River

Rivers that were at the sides of Mesopotamia

patriarchy

Male dominated society

Cuneiform

First form of writing and was used by Mesopotamians

ziggurat

A temple that was used to connect the mesopotamians and their gods. (Also used as shelter from floods)

sumer

A civilization in Mesopotamia, Sargon of Akkad conquered and created first Empire with

Hammurabi's Code

Set of rules, established to meet the requirments of Justice

Epic of Gilgamesh

a series of Mesopotamian tales that recount the exploits of Gilgamesh, King of Uruk.

polytheistic

worshipping or believing in more than one god

monotheistic

believing that there is only one god

bureaucracy

nonelective government officials

Social Hierarchy

systems of social organization in which some individuals enjoy a higher social status than others

Zagros Mountains

traditionally provided the boundary between cultural and political entities

Monumental Architecture

embraces large. houses, public buildings, and special purpose structures

Abraham

Was the founder of judiasm and introduced the belief of one god

moses

was credited writing Torah and led the exodus and was given the ten commandments by god

judaism

a monotheistic religion

torah

first five book of the old testiments, they believed this was how god wanted them to live.

King Solomon

King of israel, built the first temple in jerusalem

Surplus

an amount of something left over when requirements have been met; an excess of production or supply over demand.

specialization

focusing on a specific skill, activity, or production process