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Blood glucose
The level of glucose in the blood
Pancreas
The organ that monitors blood glucose concentration and produces insulin
Insulin
Hormone produced by the pancreas which lowers blood sugar
Glucose
A simple carbohydrate that is essential for respiration but can have negative effects if levels in the body are not controlled
Glycogen
A carbohydrate that acts as an energy and glucose store in animals
Glycogen production
Insulin can reduce blood sugar levels by converting glucose into glycogen molecules that are stored in the liver
Increased glucose uptake by cells
Insulin can reduce blood sugar levels by unlocking more cells to receive glucose for respiration
Liver and muscle cells
Where glycogen is converted and stored
Glucagon
Hormone released by the pancreas to increase blood glucose, converts glycogen in the liver back into glucose
Negative feedback cycle
Where a change in something brings about a process that causes the opposite effect, keeping levels constant
Purpose of negative feedback
To prevent sudden and severe changes within the body and to maintain homeostasis in the body
Glucose and negative feedback
The balance of insulin and glucagon secretions to maintain blood glucose levels
Glucagon negative feedback
If blood sugar levels become too low, glucagon is released to counteract the change
Insulin negative feedback
If blood sugar levels become too high, insulin is released to counteract the change
Blood sugar control via insulin
High concentrations of glucose can be detrimental so should be controlled, the body can detect if levels are too high and signals the pancreas to release insulin to reduce the levels of glucose back to normal