3.1.1.2 Mass number and isotopes

What is the atomic number/proton number

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

What symbol is atomic number represented by

Z

What is the atomic number equal to in a neutral atom

The number of electrons present

What is the mass number/nucleon number

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

What symbol is mass number represented by

A

How can the number of neutrons be calculated

Number of neutrons= mass number - atomic number

Where is the mass of an atom concentrated

In the nucleus as the mass of electrons is negligible

What charge is the nucleus

Positive

How do electrons travel in the nucleus

Orbit

What do electrons create in the atom

A cloud of negative charge

How is an atom held together

Due to electrostatic attraction between the positive nucleus and negatively charged electrons

What charge does an atom have

Neutral, no overall charge

What are ions

Ions are atoms that have gained or lost electrons, causing them to become charged

What do all atoms and ions of the same element have

The same number of protons

What is an isotope

An atom of the same element that contains the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons

What are the chemical properties of an isotope of the same element

Display the sane characteristics due to the same number of electrons in the outer shell

What are the physical properties of an isotope of the same element

Isotopes have different physical properties such as small differences in their mass and desnity

Why is the mass of an element relative

It uses the average mass of all of the isotopes

How is relative atomic mass calculated

(abundance 1 x mass 1) + (abundance 2 x mass 2) divided by total abundance