Schreiner NT II Final

When was Colossians written?

Early 60s

What is the situation in Colossae?

They are facing heresy and false teaching.

What are the elements of the false teaching at Colossae?

Elite knowledge, veneration of angels, and ascetic practices and observance of certain days (being "puffed up").

What phrase does Paul use regularly in Colossians?

In Christ

In the Jehovah Witness view, how do they understand the "firstborn" language in Colossians 1?

They see Jesus as a created being

Does Colossians 1:20 teach universalism?

No, it teaches universal reconciliation, meaning the pacification of God's enemies

What is the mystery in Colossians 1:25-27 and 2:2?

The gospel going to the Gentiles. All God wants us to know is found in Christ.

Does Colossians 2 point to infant baptism? 2:11-12 "And in Him you were also circumcised with a circumcision performed without hands, in the removal of the body of the flesh by the circumcision of Christ, having been buried with Him in baptism, in which you were also raised with Him through faith in the working of God, who raised Him from the dead."

No, because baptism is a spiritual circumcision, not physical. True circumcision is in Christ and points to the death of the old person.

In Colossians 2, Christians are urged not to be enslaved to human taboos. Two are described as a shadow that has passed away. What is this?

The Sabbath, food and drink

When was Philemon written?

60s (if from Rome)

Why did Paul write to Philemon?

To ask that Philemon forgives Onesimus for running away/ to ask that he receives Onesimus as a brother

True/False: Colossians and Philemon were written at the same time?

True

How does Paul address slavery in Philemon?

He doesn't call for the abolition of slavery given the political reality, but urges that the institution be transformed from the inside out.

When were the Thessalonian letters written?

50 or 51 AD

What's the situation in 1 Thessalonians?

The church was disorderly. Many had quit working because they thought Jesus was returning.

What does Paul express thanks for in the opening of 1 Thessalonians?

The Thessalonian's response to the gospel, evident in their faith, hope, and love.

In 1 Thessalonians 2, Paul uses ethos, pathos, and logos in describing his model in ministry. How does he use those?

Ethos: uprightness, Pathos: affection, Logos: Thanksgiving for reception of the gospel.

When Paul says in 1 Thessalonians 2 that he was unable to visit because he was hindered by Satan, likely how did that manifest?

Satan is likely working through governing authorities.

What does Paul exhort the Thessalonians towards in 1 Thessalonians?

Sexual purity, brother love and work, and the coming of the Lord.

What is Paul's pattern of exhortation in 1 Thessalonians?

Affirm and then encourage

In 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18, how does Paul comfort the church?

He exhorts them to comfort because both the dead and the living in Christ will rise.

Why does Paul bring up judgment in the beginning of 2 Thessalonians?

The believers were suffering and were tempted to join the other side. Paul warns them and urges them to stay with Jesus.

What is the situation in 2 Thessalonians?

The church was suffering and thought that Jesus had already returned.

What indications of the end times does Paul give the Thessalonians in 2 Thess. 2?

Apostasy, man of lawlessness/antichrist, the restrainer (we don't know who this is)

What is the Pauline principle in 2 Thessalonians 3:10?

You don't work, you don't eat

What are the pastoral epistles?

1 & 2 Timothy and Titus

Who wrote the pastoral epistles?

Paul, perhaps through a secretary

Why is it unlikely that the pastoral epistles are pseudonymous?

In the 2nd century, and Asian presbyter was removed from office for writing "Acts of Paul and Thecla" which he claimed was written by Paul. The early church saw this as a serious offense.

Why is the fragment hypothesis unlikely regarding the pastoral epistles?

It is improbably that such disintegrated fragments would be written as three letters since the letters are basically the same.

What is the secretary hypothesis regarding the pastoral epistles and is it probable?

The view that a secretary, possibly even Luke, wrote these letters under Paul's direction. This hypothesis is possible.

Why do some doubt Pauline authorship of the pastoral epistles?

Different vocabulary/key words, different doctrine/orthodoxy than focused on in other Pauline letters, and the historical situation (Timothy & Titus are addressed as young & inexperienced when they no longer could be, but Paul was likely released earlier than thought which accounts for this).

When were the Pastoral Epistles written?

60s

What is the purpose of the Pastoral Epistles?

To establish the church, to alert the church to false teaching, to prepare the church to pass truth down generationally.

True/False: Elder, overseer, bishop, and pastor all mean the same thing?

True

What are the qualifications for elders in 1 Timothy and Titus?

Above reproach, husband of one wife, sober-minded, self-controlled, respectable, hospitable, able to teach, not a drunkard, not violent, not quarrelsome, not greedy, manages his household well, not a recent convert, well thought of by outsiders, a lover of good, upright, holy, and disciplined.

What are the qualifications for deacons in 1 Timothy?

Dignified, not double tongued, not addicted to wine, not greedy, faithful, tested, husband of one wife, and manages his household well.

What are the qualifications for deaconesses in 1 Timothy?

Dignified, not a slanderer, sober, and faithful.

What does the "husband of one wife" clause in 1 Timothy 1:6 mean?

This means that the man is faithfully married

What is the genre of Hebrews?

An epistolary sermon

Who wrote Hebrews?

Unknown

Was Hebrews likely written by Paul?

No, there is a different style. The author mentions that he was dependent on others, whereas Paul emphasizes his independent apostleship.

What is the destination of Hebrews?

Rome

When was Hebrews written?

In the 60s before the fall of the temple

What is the purpose of Hebrews?

To forestall the apostasy of Jewish Christians. "Don't fall away."

What Psalm is quoted throughout Hebrews?

Psalm 110

What is the theme of Hebrews?

Jesus is better

How many warning passages are in Hebrews?

5

What is the first warning passage in Hebrews?

2:1-4. "How shall we escape if we neglect such a great salvation?" There is a permanent punishment for those who fall away from Jesus.

What is the second warning passage in Hebrews?

3:7-4:13. "For the word of God is living and active... no creature is hidden from his sight." The spiritual danger is hardening your heart and becoming cold toward God.

What is the third warning passage in Hebrews?

5:11-6:8. "For it is impossible to restore again to repentance those who... if they then fall away."

This should be read as a pastoral warning. This warning is given to believers - if you deny Jesus then he will deny you. However, all true believers heed this warning. This warning is a means by which God preserves his children.

What is the fourth warning passage in Hebrews?

10:26-31. "For if we go on sinning deliberately... there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins... How much worse punishment... will be deserved."

This is talking about someone who sins and in doing so turns from Jesus deliberately (no repentance).

What is the fifth warning passage in Hebrews?

12:25-29. "See that you do not refuse him who is speaking. For if they did not escape... much less will we..."

Don't abandon Jesus. If you do, you'll face final punishment.

How was Jesus perfected through suffering?

His suffering qualified him to be the propitiation for our sins.

What is the antidote to apostasy in Hebrews 3? (Second Warning)

Encouraging one another regularly

What does "rest" refer to in Hebrews?

New creation/heavenly rest

Was Melchizedek Jesus preincarnate?

No

How is Jesus' priesthood superior?

Levitical priesthood was imperfect, Jesus is from the tribe of Judah, he is a priest/king and fulfills the Melchizedekian prophecy, sworn an oath, he is a sinless and permanent priest.

Why has James been held in suspicion by some during the history of the church?

Uncertainty regarding author, relatively unknown in eastern and western churches until 3rd & 4th century AD, Luther called it an "epistle of straw" concluding that James disagreed with Paul on justification.

Why is James the brother of Jesus though to be the author of James? (4)

It is the traditional view of the church, it fits with James' authority, only one James could be identified by name only, it fits with the Jewish character of the letter.

To whom was James written?

Jewish readers

What is the situation in James?

The readers were poor and oppressed by the wealthy, there was famine and political trouble. The church was tempted to court friendship with the world, to give in to sins of strife and quarreling, to forget God's goodness, and to forget the poor.

When was James written?

Overall, unsure. But, likely 45-47 making it the earliest New Testament book.

What is the nature of the letter of James?

Synagogue homilies/sermons reflecting a careful structure

What Old Testament passage is quoted often in James?

Leviticus 19

Why can Christians find joy in trials according to James 1?

Trials produce a seasoned maturity

In James 1:12-18 there is a double introduction that uses the same word meaning temptation/trials. What is this double introduction explaining?

Temptations and trials are the same Greek word, but they are different in motivation. God tries, Satan tempts.

What do the "rich" refer to in the beginning of James?

Unbelievers

What does James exhort believers to do in light of Jesus' coming?

Be patient

Does James' teaching on justification by works contradict Paul's teaching on justification by faith? Why or why not?

No. First, because the Bible is God's Word and we trust that it is wholly true. Also, Paul too believes that works are necessary for justification.

Who wrote 1 Peter and 2 Peter?

The apostle Peter

When was 1 Peter written?

60s

To whom was 1 Peter written?

Churches in Asia Minor; Gentile Christians

What does "dispersed aliens" mean in 1 Peter 1?

Spiritual exiles

What is the meaning of "foreknowledge" in 1 Peter 1?

Covenant love

What is the purpose of election in 1 Peter 1?

Conversion and obedience

Why does Peter emphasize eschatological salvation in 1 Peter 1?

Because there is more to come with salvation

In 1 Peter 5, it says that God protects believers to the end. What does that mean?

He preserves our faith.

What is the function of 1 Peter 1:10-12 in the argument on the privilege of revelation? What are the hermeneutical implications of these verses.

The prophets wish they could experience what you are. Praise God that you live under the new covenant.
Hermeneutically, these verses help us understand Scripture more clearly.

What is the ethical application of Leviticus 11:44 in 1 Peter 16, "because it is written: "You shall be holy, for I am holy.""

Be consecrated/devoted to God

True/False: Christians are called to honor the evil?

True. They are called to honor, but not always to obey.

In 1 Peter 3, Peter tells wives to submit to husbands. In this context, the woman is married to an unbeliever. What is the goal of 1 Peter 3:1, "In the same way, you wives, be subject to your own husbands so that even if any of them are disobedient to the word, they may be won over without a word by the behavior of their wives."?

The husband's salvation

What is the husband's responsibility in 1 Peter 3:7?

Study and understand their wives

What does 1 Peter 3:7 mean when it says that women are "weaker vessels?"

Women are physically weaker than men

Who are the spirits in prison in 1 Peter 3:18-22?

The demons who sinned in Genesis 6 by having sex with women

According to 1 Peter 3, is baptism a pledge or an appeal to God?

Appeal

What does 1 Peter 4:1b mean? "the one who has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin."

The one who has ceased from sin endures definitive suffering. When one decides to suffer for Jesus it shows that the power of sin has been broken in their lives.

What does it mean to suffer according to God's will?

If you're suffering, then it is in accordance with God's will

What is the connection between humility and worry in 1 Peter 5:5-7?

Worry is a form of pride

What was the first New Testament book that's authenticity was doubted? Why?

2 Peter.
It borrow from Jude, Hellenistic language, defense of parousia (second coming) indicates gnostic opponents, wasn't widely circulated

Who were the opponents in 2 Peter?

Eschatological skeptics that said there would be no judgment and no future world of righteousness

When was 2 Peter written?

65-68 AD

Why is the Hebraic form of Peter's name in the greeting of 2 Peter significant?

It's a sign of authenticity

What is the function of Peter's apostolic reminder in 2 Peter 1?

To stir them up for action

Who wrote Jude and who was he?

Jude, the half brother of Jesus

When was Jude written?

Early 60s

What kind of structure is used throughout Jude?

Triads

According to Jude, how do believers make it to the end?

Jesus keeps you

Who wrote 1-3 John?

John the Apostle

When was 1-3 John written?

After the 4th Gospel, 80-95 AD

What is the structure of 1 John?

Loose & recursive (like Revelation)