Unit 9 Organic Chemistry

Alkanes

Hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds

No functional Group

Suffix: ane

Formula: CₙH₂ₙ₊₂

Alkenes

Hydrocarbons with one or more carbon-carbon double bonds

Functional Group: Alkenyl - C double bond C -

Suffix: ene

Formula: CₙH₂

Alkynes

A carbon compound with a carbon-carbon triple bond.

Functional Group: Alkynyl - C triple bond C -

Suffix: yne

Formula: CₙH₂ₙ-₂

Arenes

Formula: CₙH₂ₙ₋₆

Arenes: phenyl - image

No suffix

Not sure if we need to know this btw

Halogenoalkanes

Functional Group: —X ( X= F, Br, Cl, I)

Add number - Chloro,Floro, ect to the beginning of name

Formula: CₙH₂ₙ₊₁X

Alcohols

Functional Group: _____OH hydroxyl

Suffix: ol

Formula: ROH

Aldehydes

Functional Group: Aldehyde - carbonyl

Suffix: al

Formula: RCHO

Ketones

Functional group: Carbonyl

Suffix: one

Formula: RC(O)R'

Carboxylic acids

Functional group: Carboxyl

Suffix: oic acid

Formula: RCOOH

Esters

Functional group: ester

Suffix: Oate

Formula: RCOOR'

Ether

Functional group: ether -o-

Add oxy to the end of the first carbon group in the name

Formula: ROR'