Cell Division in Prokaryotes

Set of flashcards covering the essential vocabulary and concepts related to cell division in prokaryotes as discussed in the lecture.

Bacterial Genome

Includes all genetic material present in bacteria, comprising chromosomal DNA, plasmid DNA, and bacteriophage DNA.

Binary Fission

Asexual reproduction in bacteria where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells.

Fts Proteins

Filamentous temperature sensitive proteins that form a ring at the cell division plane during binary fission.

Plasmids

Extrachromosomal circular DNA that can replicate independently of chromosomal DNA and may confer advantages such as antibiotic resistance.

OriC

The origin of replication in bacteria where DNA replication begins.

Transduction

The process of transferring bacterial DNA between bacteria via bacteriophages.

Conjugation

The direct transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another through a physical connection called a pilus.

Transformation

The uptake of DNA from the environment by a bacterium, usually from dead bacteria.

Okazaki Fragments

Short, newly synthesized DNA fragments formed on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

SSBPs

Single-strand binding proteins that bind to separated DNA strands during replication to prevent them from rejoining.

Replisome

A complex of proteins that assembles at the replication fork to coordinate DNA replication.

Transposons

Jumping genes that can move from one location to another within the genome, often carrying antibiotic resistance genes.

Episomes

A type of plasmid that can integrate into chromosomal DNA.