chem Atomic structure,periodic table and bonding

In 1909, what model was made and what did Ernest Rutherford proclaim?

Nuclear model, firing alpha particles through a thin sheet of gold suggested the mass was concentrated in the nucleus of an atom because they scattered.

Define metallic bonding.

The electrostatic attraction between positively charged ions and delocalised electrons.

Give the properties and uses of graphene.

Strong, lightweight, flexible conductive,the uses are for electronics, energy storage.

Give the properties and uses of fullerenes.

Strong flexible and can be used to cage other molecules uses are drug delivery ,catalyst, lubricants.

What’s an alloy?

A mixture of two or more metals, or a metal and a nonmetal.

Why is diamonds used to make drill bit tips?

Because it’s very hard due to strong covalent bonds.

Define isotope.

Atoms with the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons.

Define element.

A substance made from only one type of atom.

What is the relative atomic mass number?

The average mass of atoms of a particular element compared to carbon -12.

Define ion

An atom or molecule with different numbers of electrons and protons.

What is paper chromatography used to separate?

Mixtures of similar substances with different solubilities.

What is one thing that the gold foil experiment showed?

Most of the atom is empty.

What is the reactivity like between group 1 metals and water?what do they release?

They react vigourously as you go down. The reaction with water becomes more violent they release hydrogen as well.

List of properties of giant ionic structures.

High melting and boiling points, hard, brittle ,conducts electricity when molten or dissolved in water.

what are the properties of giant covalent structures?

High melting and boiling points, hard, insoluble in water.

What did James Chadwick do?

Provided evidence to show the existence of neutrons in the nucleus.

Describe the structure of graphite.

Carbon atoms arranged in layers of hexagonal rings with weak intermolecular forces between layers.

What are the properties of granite?

Soft,slippery and conductive.

Describe the structure of diamond.

Carbon atoms arranged in a giant lattice with strong covalent bonds in all directions.

List the properties of diamond.

Hard,transparent,doesn’t conduct electricity.

Why is graphite used to make lubricants?

Layers slide over each other due to weak intermolecular forces.

When did JJ Thompson create the plum pudding model?

1897

How were elements arranged before discovery of p+N+E?

Atomic weight

Why are the noble gasses unreactive?

Full outer shells.

Group 1 Alkali metals saying…

MR ALKALI my brother died.

Group 7 Halogens saying…

DR HALOGEN I’m boiling.

In 1909 what model was made and what did Earnest Rutherford proclaim?

Nuclear model,that firing positive alpha particles through a thin sheet of gold suggested the mass was concentrated in the nucleus of an atom and it contained empty space because they scattered.

What year did the Bohr model come out and what does it suggest?

That electrons orbit the nucleus in shells so that the atom won’t collapse.

Describe the plum pudding model.

A ball of positive charge with negative electrons embedded in it.

What did John Dalton suggest?

That atoms were solid spheres that could not be divided.

What does the nuclear model contain? Describe how it looks.

Positively charged nucleus at the centre, surrounded by negative electrons.

What is a mixture?

2 or more elements/compounds not chemically bonded together.