Reflection and refraction of waves

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Last updated 8:47 AM on 9/29/25
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6 Terms

1
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What is the normal?

An imaginary line perpendicular to the surface/boundary at the point where the ray of light is incident.

2
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What is specular reflection?

Also known as regular reflection, on a smooth surface such as a mirror

3
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What is diffuse reflection?

The reflection of light or other waves/ particles from a surface such that a ray incident on the surface is scattered at many angles rather than at just one angle as in the case of specular reflection. The normals will all be different.

4
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What is the law of reflection?

Angle of incidence = angle of reflection

5
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Why aren't waves always reflected?

  1. Wave maybe absorbed by matériel

  2. Wave might be transmitted (pass through) onto the other side

6
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What is refraction?

When waves change direction as they pass from one medium to another.