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What is the normal?
An imaginary line perpendicular to the surface/boundary at the point where the ray of light is incident.
What is specular reflection?
Also known as regular reflection, on a smooth surface such as a mirror
What is diffuse reflection?
The reflection of light or other waves/ particles from a surface such that a ray incident on the surface is scattered at many angles rather than at just one angle as in the case of specular reflection. The normals will all be different.
What is the law of reflection?
Angle of incidence = angle of reflection
Why aren't waves always reflected?
Wave maybe absorbed by matériel
Wave might be transmitted (pass through) onto the other side
What is refraction?
When waves change direction as they pass from one medium to another.