final cbspd review

2025 cbspd exam review

What is sterile storage?

Storage of items in a clean, germ-free environment to prevent contamination.

A load containing implants was sterilized with a process challenge device. As the results were being read, you notice the BI vial has a lot # of 2031NP and the control vial has a lot# of 2013NP. What action if any should be taken?

Re-sterilize the load and repeat the BI test

What is the most common form of sterilization for items that are heat- and moisture-tolerant?

Steam

What issues can wet steam cause?

Wet Packs

Water that is turbid is what?

Cloudy

Three parameters of steam sterilization cycles are saturated steam under pressure, time, and temperature.

True

Inspection and verification of instruments with _______ is difficult.

Lumens

What should you do when the label on a disinfectant, states to use at ambient temperature?

Contact the manufacturer for specific temperatures

Pitting on a stainless-steel instrument appears as.

Dark Black Craters

Which of the following kills microorganisms?

Germicidal Detergents

Water purification usually involves the use of a?

Pre-Filter and Post-Filter

Water softeners are used to remove ____ in the water?

Calcium and Magnesium

The primary goal of a supply distribution system is that supplies, and equipment are.

Transported with minimum handling, to the requested unit

Uncontrolled flow of blood?

Hemorrhage

Know what is dirty, know what is clean, know what is sterile, keep the three conditions separate, and remedy contamination immediately are what?

The Principles of Asepsis

The absence of microorganisms that cause disease is called what?

Asepsis

Staphylococcus is classified as a gram-positive bacteria.

True

A list of specific supplies, utensils and instruments needed for a specific procedure.

Case Cart pull sheet (pick list)

Verifying competencies in SPD is a requirement of the?

Joint Commission

Surgical repair of the eardrum?

Tympanoplasty

Method of using appropriate barriers to reduce the risk of transmission of bloodborne and other pathogens from both recognized and unrecognized sources.

Standard Precautions

Staphylococcal infections, typhoid fever, streptococcal infections, tuberculosis and syphilis are examples of diseases caused by?

Pathogenic Organisms

Air removal is critical to effective steam sterilization

true

Which of the following is the main disadvantage of using a rigid sterilization container system?

They must be disassembled, processed, reassembled and checked before each use.

Pathogens are

microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, that can cause disease.

a ph above 7 is

Alkaline

a ph below 7

acidic

When a steam sterilizer is loaded with linen packs, they should be?

Placed on their edges

Heat sensing thermometers for steam sterilizers are located in the?

Drain Line

Clamps used for hemostasis are also designed to

Minimize damage to tissue.

The function of the gastrointestinal system is to?

Digest food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate waste.

There are two pressure gauges on a steam sterilizer. These gauges measure the pressure in the?

Jacket and Chamber

Items being unloaded from the steam sterilizer should be handled with

clean hands

An established norm based on theory is a

Standard

Which of the following transports food to the stomach?

Esophagus

OSHA requires Safety Data Sheets for each chemical in the department.

True

When delivering sterile supplies to multiple nursing units, the sterile processing technician is asked by the unit secretary to take an opened and used tray of instruments back to the decontamination area. The technician should?

Return for the used tray after completing all deliveries, using the appropriate collection cart.

Microorganisms are measured in

Microns

If a technician's skin is exposed to liquid ethylene oxide, what should the technician do first?

Wash the exposed area with large amounts of soap and water

Sepsis

a severe and potentially life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to an infection causes widespread inflammation, leading to tissue damage, organ failure, and potentially death.

Which of the following generally describes the correct sequence for the traffic workflow in areas in which medical devices are processed?

Decontamination, Assembly, Packaging, Sterilization, Sterile Storage.

Fomites

inanimate objects that can become contaminated with infectious agents and facilitate their transmission. ex. doorknobs, medical instruments, clothing, and surfaces.

Which of the following is necessary to attain the high temperature needed in a steam sterilizer?

Pressure

Which of the following can be done to aid in the drying of wrapped instruments?

Place a disposable, absorbent tray liner in the bottom of the tray

What are the major physical areas of a typical sterile processing department?

Decontamination, Preparation and Packaging, Sterilization, Sterile Storage, Distribution

When preparing a set of instruments in the washer for processing, the instruments should be positioned with the?

Retractors on the bottom of the basket and the hand-held instruments on the top.

All of the following agencies are involved with the regulation and control of ETO when it is used as a sterilant

• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

• Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

A microorganism that is resting and has a hard shell-like outer covering is called?

Spore

Which of the following should be used to write on instrument count sheets and tray lists?

Permanent Non-toxic Ink Markers

The smallest bones of the body are found in the?

Middle Ear

The integrity of a sterile package should be visually inspected

Every time it is handled

The femur, tibia and fibula are bones of the?

Lower Limbs

Which type of microorganism has the ability to slow down its metabolism and become dormant?

Gram-positive bacillus bacteria can form endospores, which are highly resistant, dormant structures that allow the bacteria to survive in unfavorable conditions.

The most commonly recognized halogen is

Sodium Hypochlorite

Lot control numbers are used to?

Enable recall of devices following a sterilization failure

What are the basic steps in the cleaning process?

-sorting
-disposing of single-use items
-pre-rinsing/pre-soaking reusable items
-washing
-rinsing
-drying

When should sharps containers be changed?

2/3 full to help prevent sharps injuries

temp. and humidity should be monitored and documented daily, when it reaches above/below those standards what should you do?

the discrepancies should be reported to the SPD manager or supervisor

Air should be exhausted where?

directly to the outside not recirculated

Floors and work surfaces should be cleaned?

daily in accordance to the policies and procedures

How should the workflow be in decontamination?

clean to dirty areas with decontamination being the last area cleaned

Why should jewelry not be worn?

cannot be easily cleaned can catch on equipment causing injury

How long should fingernails be kept?

Short

Acrylic nails are...

prohibited because the support the growth of microorganisms

When should an incident report for an accident/injury be reported?

immediately

What should be in an incident report?

-how the accident happened
-where/ when it occurred
-any witnesses
-medical treatment given
-any work time lost due to accident
-description of corrective actions to prevent the recurrence of the accident

What can an incident report lead to?

Work practices that need improvement

What should large items be lifted with?

If too large, then a lift must be used; if can be lifted with body use legs not back/arms

What agencies govern central sterile departments?

-joint commission (JC)
-occupational safety (OSHA)
-Environmental (EPA)
-Food and Drug (FDA)

Each package ran through sterilizers should be labeled with what?

1)lot number
2)date
3)cycle number

When a BI tests positive you must...

Determine why it failed and recall everything from that cycle and reprocess it

If bacteria lives what color does the biological turn?

yellow

The biological used for EtO, gas plasma, and dry heat contains...

Bacillus atrophaeus

The biological used for steam, ozone, and peracetic sterilization contains....

Geobacillus Stearothermophilus

Class three responds to

single parameter respond to one chemical parameter

Class five responds to

all critical parameters

When a new sterilizer comes in or relocated how many consecutive biologicals can be ran in an empty sterilizer?

three

What should the sterility assurance level be?

10^-6

What should the incoming saturated steam dryness be?

ideally 97% to 100% saturated steam

Geobacillus stearothermophilus must be incubated at what temp?

132 degrees fahrenheit

What does a class on indicator respond to?

Only one parameter of the process
(ex.: autoclave tape)

What are the types of sterilization processes used?

1) steam
2) EtO
3) Dry Heat
4) Gas plasma
5) Ozone
6) liquid chemical

What are the phases of the cycle?

1)conditioning (air is removed)
2)sterilization/Exposure/ Hold (temperature is held)
3) Exhaust (steam out drain line)
4) drying (approx. 30 min.)

What are the two types of cycles in steam sterilization?

1) dynamic air removal (pre-vac)
2) Gravity Displacement (immediate use)

What are the three parameters of steam sterilization?

1) Steam under pressure
2) time
3) Exposure/temperature

What is the coldest area of the sterilizer?

drain line

What is the suggested release temperature of packs?

70 to 80 degree fahrenheit

What occurs during the sterilization/exposure/"holding phase"?

exposure temperature is maintained for the prescribed amount of time

Steam kills microorganisms by_______ the protein

denaturing (coagulation)

where is the dedicated steam supply made?

a boiler

What provides heat inside the chamber and prevents condensation in a steam sterilizer?

the jacket

Where is the sterilizers heat-sensing thermometer located?

Drain-line

What occurs during the drying phase?

Dynamic Air Removal: Filtered air is drawn in achieve drying
Gravity: Heat in chamber evaporates moisture
*Approx.: 30 min. for both

How are liquids sterilized?

only through gravity displacement liquid cycles

The chemical disinfectant that leaves a residual film is

phenolic

When are packs most vulnerable to contamination?

Immediately after sterilization

What is it when a sterilizer's ability is tested under worst case conditions?

Small load testing

What should be placed on the bottom of the rack in a mixed load?

metal instruments
basin
other metal items

What can not be processed in an express cycle?

porous items
items with lumens

When should a flash sterilizer be used?

In an emergency; a one of a kind instrument is dropped