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In a __________ reaction, two or more elements or compounds form 1 product.
single replacement
dehydration
decomposition
double replacement
combination
combination
A chemical equation is balanced when
the number of atoms of each element is the same in reactants and products.
the total number of molecules is the same in reactants and products.
the total number of ions is the same in reactants and products.
the sum of the coefficients of the reactants is equal to the sum of the coefficients of the products.
the charge on each atom is the same in reactants and products.
the number of atoms of each element is the same in reactants and products.
In any balanced chemical equation, the number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation is
decreased by one.
doubled.
the same.
dependent on the temperature.
increased by one.
the same.
In the following reaction, when the equation is correctly balanced, what is the correct coefficient for aluminum chloride?
Al(s) + Cl2(g) → AlCl3(s)
1
2
3
4
5
2
The reaction of carbon with oxygen to produce carbon monoxide is an example of which class of reaction?
2C(s) + O2(g) → 2CO(g)
endothermic
combination
catalytic
double replacement
single replacement
combination
The following reaction takes place when an electric current is passed through water. It is an example of a __________ reaction.
2H2O → 2H2 + O2
decomposition
combination
single replacement
dehydration
double replacement
decomposition
What is the classification for this reaction?
SO3 (g) + H2O (l) → H2SO4(l)
oxidation reduction
combination
replacement
double replacement
decomposition
combination
What is the classification for this unbalanced reaction?
Fe + HCl → FeCl3 + H2
decomposition
double replacement
combination
dehydration
single replacement
single replacement
Which of the following describes an oxidation reaction?
loss of electrons or gain of hydrogen
gain of electrons or gain of oxygen
loss of electrons or gain of oxygen
loss of electrons or loss of oxygen
gain of electrons or loss of H
loss of electrons or gain of oxygen
Which of the following is an oxidation-reduction reaction?
CaCl 2 + Na 2SO 4 → CaSO 4 + 2NaCl
AgNO 3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO 3
N 2 + O 2 → 2NO
Al 2(SO 4) 3 + 6KOH → 2Al(OH) 3 + 3K 2SO 4
KOH + HNO 3 → H 2O + KNO 3
N 2 + O 2 → 2NO
What type of reaction is: CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O + 218 kcal?
a decomposition reaction
a single replacement reaction
a combination reaction
an exothermic reaction
an endothermic reaction
an exothermic reaction
In an oxidation-reduction reaction, the substance reduced always
takes on oxygen atoms.
shows a gain of electrons.
gives up hydrogen atoms.
shows a loss of electrons.
becomes a charged species.
shows a gain of electrons.
In an oxidation-reduction reaction, the substance oxidized always
shows a loss of electrons.
becomes a charged species.
takes on oxygen atoms.
gives up hydrogen atoms.
shows a gain of electrons.
shows a loss of electrons.
What is oxidized and what is reduced in the following reaction?
2Al(s) + 3Br2(g) → 2AlBr3(s)
AlBr3 is reduced and Br2 is oxidized.
Al is reduced and Br2 is oxidized.
AlBr3 is oxidized and Al is reduced.
AlBr3 is reduced and Al is oxidized.
Al is oxidized and Br2 is reduced.
Al is oxidized and Br2 is reduced
In this reaction, what is the substance oxidized?
Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
zinc chloride
hydrogen
oxygen
zinc
chlorine
zinc
Determine the oxidation state of P in PO33-.
+6
0
+2
+3
-3
+3
Determine the oxidation state of S in MgSO 4.
+6
+4
+2
-4
-2
+6
Determine the oxidation state of Sn in Sn(SO4)2.
+6
0
+4
-2
+2
+4
Determine the oxidizing agent in the following reaction.
Ni(s) + 2 AgClO 4(aq) → Ni(ClO 4) 2(aq) + 2 Ag(s)
Ag
Ni
O
Cl
This is not an oxidation-reduction reaction.
Ag
What element is undergoing oxidation (if any) in the following reaction?
Zn(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq) → Zn(NO3)2(aq) + 2 Ag(s)
N
O
Zn
Ag
This is not an oxidation-reduction reaction.
Zn
What element is undergoing reduction (if any) in the following reaction?
Zn(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq) → Zn(NO3)2(aq) + 2 Ag(s)
N
O
Ag
Zn
This is not an oxidation-reduction reaction.
Ag
What element is undergoing oxidation (if any) in the following reaction?
CH 4(g) + 2 O 2(g) → CO 2(g) + 2 H 2O(g)
H
O
C
both C and H
None of the elements is undergoing oxidation.
C
Identify the oxidation state of Mg in MgCl2(aq).
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
+2
+1
0
-2
-1
+2
Identify the oxidation state of Mg in Mg(s).
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
0
-1
+2
-2
+1
0
Identify the oxidation state of H in HCl(aq).
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl 2(aq) + H 2(g)
-2
+2
+1
0
-1
+1
Which of the following is an oxidation-reduction reaction?
NaI(aq) + AgNO3(aq) → AgI(s) + NaNO3(aq)
Mg(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
HCl(aq) + LiOH(aq) → LiCl(aq) + H2O(l)
Pb(C2H3O2)2(aq) + 2 NaCl(aq) → PbCl2(s) + 2 NaC2H3O2(aq)
All of the above are oxidation-reduction reactions.
Mg(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
34.6 atoms of lithium weigh how many amu's?
240.1586
Avogadro's number is the number of
moles in 6.02 × 1023 amu of an element.
amu in 1 mole of a substance.
moles in 6.02 × 1023 grams of an element.
particles in 1 mole of a substance.
grams in 1 mole of a substance.
particles in 1 mole of a substance.
Calculate the molar mass of magnesium chloride, MgCl2.
24.3 g
95.2 g
59.8 g
70.0 g
125.9 g
95.2 g
The molar mass of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH) 2, is
74.1 g.
114.2 g.
38.0 g.
58.1 g.
57.1 g.
74.1 g.
Calculate the molar mass of potassium chloride, KCl.
6.74 g
19.0 g
54.5 g
74.6 g
67.4 g
74.6 g
The molar mass of C3H8O2 is
76.0 g.
69.0 g.
60.0 g.
52.0 g.
29.0 g.
76.0 g.
One mole of neon atoms has a mass of
6.02 × 1023 grams.
10.0 g.
14.0 g.
30.2 g.
20.2 g.
20.2 g.
Given the following equation, what is the correct form of the conversion factor needed to convert the number of moles of O2 to the number of moles of Fe2O3 produced?
4Fe(s) + 3O2 (g) → 2Fe2O3(s)
In the reaction of nitrogen gas, N2, with hydrogen gas, H2, to form ammonia gas, NH3 , how many moles of hydrogen are needed to react with two moles of nitrogen?
6 moles
2 moles
10 moles
4 moles
8 moles
6 moles
In an endothermic reaction,
the products have the same energy that the reactants.
energy is absorbed by the system.
the temperature of the system increases.
the products have less energy that the reactants.
heat flows out of the system.
energy is absorbed by the system.
A reaction that releases energy as it occurs is classified as a(n) __________.
endothermic reaction
catalyzed reaction
oxidation-reduction reaction
decomposition reaction
exothermic reaction
exothermic reaction
Any reaction that absorbs 150 kcal of energy can be classified as __________.
oxidation
activated
reduction
exothermic
endothermic
endothermic
What type of reaction is: CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O + 218 kcal?
a decomposition reaction
a single replacement reaction
a combination reaction
an exothermic reaction
an endothermic reaction
an exothermic reaction
If the reaction shown below is exothermic, the energy level of the reactants is __________.
H2 + O2 → 2H2O
possibly lower, possibly higher than that of the products
lower than that of the products
higher than that of the products
the same as that of the products
higher than the activation energy of the reaction
higher than that of the products
The __________ is the energy difference between reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
product energy
heat of reaction
activation energy
transition energy
overall energy
heat of reaction
The __________ is the minimum energy needed for a chemical reaction to begin.
energy of products
heat of reaction
reaction energy
activation energy
energy of reactants
activation energy
According to the kinetic theory of gases, particles of a gas
move slowly.
are very large.
decrease kinetic energy as temperature increases.
are very far apart.
lose their valence electrons.
are very far apart.
In the kinetic molecular theory of gas behavior, particles of a gas tend to move __________ and collisions between them are __________.
slowly; rare
rapidly; elastic
rapidly; rare
slowly; elastic
slowly; unusual
rapidly; elastic
According to the kinetic theory of gases, a gas can be compressed much more than a liquid or solid because
gas particles move rapidly.
gas particles do not attract or repel one another.
the particles of a gas are very far apart.
a gas is composed of very small particles.
gas particles move faster when the temperature increases.
the particles of a gas are very far apart.
In the kinetic molecular theory of gas behavior, the assumption is made that gas molecules
are attracted to each other by strong forces.
move with a kinetic energy equal to their centigrade temperature.
move rapidly in random directions.
occasionally come to rest.
are close together in their container.
move rapidly in random directions.
Which of the following is NOT part of the kinetic theory of gases?
A gas is composed of very small particles.
Gas particles do not attract or repel one another.
Gas particles move rapidly.
There is very little empty space in a gas.
Gas particles move faster when the temperature increases.
There is very little empty space in a gas.
In a gas, the distance between the particles is
close relative to the size of the molecules.
very large relative to the size of the molecules.
small relative to the size of the molecules.
fixed relative to the size of the molecules.
very close relative to the size of the molecules.
very large relative to the size of the molecules.
The force of gas particles against the walls of a container is called
quantity of gas.
pressure.
volume.
temperature.
density.
pressure.
Which measurement describes the pressure of a gas?
0.45 moles
1.2 g/L
2.5 L
725 mmHg
315 K
725 mmHg
The unit of 1 atmosphere used to describe the pressure of a gas is equal to
760 mmHg.
200 mmHg.
600 mmHg.
100 mmHg.
1 mmHg .
760 mmHg.
The atmospheric pressure is 715 mm Hg. What is the pressure in inches of Hg?
23.9 in Hg
48.6 in Hg
30.0 in Hg
0.940 in Hg
28.1 in Hg
28.1 in Hg
As you rise higher in Earth's atmosphere, the atmospheric pressure
decreases.
remains the same.
increases.
decreases.
According to Boyle's Law, the pressure of a gas increases as the volume decreases because
the gas particles get bigger.
the gas particles strike the walls of the container with more force.
the temperature of the gas increases.
the gas particles strike the walls of the container more often.
the kinetic energy of the gas particles increases.
the gas particles strike the walls of the container more often.
The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of a gas is known as
Ideal Gas Law
Charles's Law
Dalton's Law
Boyle's Law
Avogadro's Law
Boyle's Law
A balloon is filled with helium gas. For the question(s) that follow, select the letter of the balloon diagram that corresponds to the given change in conditions.
The balloon is put into a chamber whose pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure and at atmospheric temperature.
A
B
C
A and B
B and C
C
Which of the following correctly describes the process of inspiration (air entering the lungs)?
The lungs expand, causing their internal pressure to increase.
The lungs contract, causing their internal pressure to decrease.
There is no change in the internal pressure in the lungs.
The lungs contract, causing their internal pressure to increase.
The lungs expand, causing their internal pressure to decrease.
The lungs expand, causing their internal pressure to decrease.
What unit of temperature is used in gas law calculations?
degrees Fahrenheit
either degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit
Kelvin
degrees Celsius
either degrees Celsius or Kelvin
Kelvin
The volume of a gas is proportional to the temperature of a gas is known as
Boyle's Law
Dalton's Law
Avogadro's Law
Ideal Gas Law
Charles's Law
Charles's Law
Complete the following statement: In Charles's Law, the volume of a gas __________ when the __________ decreases.
increases; quantity of gas
increases; pressure
decreases; pressure
decreases; temperature
increases; temperature
decreases; temperature
A balloon is filled with helium gas. For the question(s) that follow, select the letter of the balloon diagram that corresponds to the given change in conditions.
The temperature is changed from 50 °C to -150 °C at constant pressure.
A
B
C
A and B
B and C
A
In Gay-Lussac's Law, the pressure of a gas increases due to an increase in temperature because
the molecules strike the walls of the container less often.
there is an increase in the number of gas particles.
there is a decrease in the volume of the container.
the molecules strike the walls of the container more often.
the molecules get bigger.
the molecules strike the walls of the container more often.
Vapor pressure can be described as
the temperature at which bubbles of vapor appear in a liquid.
the pressure within the lungs during inhalation.
the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals atmospheric pressure.
the pressure exerted by a gas above the surface of its liquid.
the pressure exerted on the Earth by the particles in the air.
the pressure exerted by a gas above the surface of its liquid.
The boiling point of water at sea level is 100 °C. At higher altitudes, the boiling point of water will be
lower, because the atmospheric pressure is lower.
higher, because there are fewer water molecules in the air.
lower, because temperatures are lower.
the same, because water always boils at 100 °C.
higher, because the altitude is greater.
lower, because the atmospheric pressure is lower.
An autoclave is used to sterilize surgical equipment because
it allows water to boil at 100 °C at pressures less than 1 atm.
it allows water to boil at 100 °C at pressures greater than 1 atm.
it allows water to boil at temperatures above 100 °C.
it allows water to boil at temperatures less than 100 °C.
it provides very high temperatures and very low pressures.
it allows water to boil at temperatures above 100 °C.
When the combined gas law is rearranged to solve for V2, the following is the
P2T2/P1V1T1
P1V1T2/P2T1
P1V1/T1 - P2/T2
P1V1T1/P2T2
T2T1V1/P2P1
P1V1T2/P2T1
The volume of a gas is proportional to number of moles of a gas is known as
Avogadro's Law
Boyle's Law
Charles's Law
Dalton's Law
Ideal Gas Law
Avogadro's Law
According to Avogadro's law,
the volume of a gas depends only on the number of moles in the sample.
the volume of a gas is directly related to the number of moles at constant temperature and pressure.
the volume of a gas is inversely related to the number of moles at constant temperature and pressure.
the volume of a gas is inversely related to the number of moles at standard temperature and pressure.
the volume of a gas depends only on the temperature and pressure.
the volume of a gas is directly related to the number of moles at constant temperature and pressure.
At STP, temperature and pressure have the values of
0 K and 1 atm.
0 K and 760 mmHg.
273 K and 760 mmHg.
760 K and 273 atm.
273 K and 1 mmHg.
273 K and 760 mmHg.
Give the temperature and pressure at STP.
0°C and 1 mm Hg
0K and 1.00 atm
25°C and 30.00 in Hg
0°C and 1.00 atm
300K and 1 torr Hg
0°C and 1.00 atm
1 mole of a gas occupies 22.4 L at
0 °C and 760 mmHg.
0 K and 1 atm.
100 °C and 10 atm.
100 °C and 1 atm.
0 °C and 0.50 atm.
0 °C and 760 mmHg.
What volume will 4.91 x 1022 atoms of Ne occupy at STP?
2.00 L
3.11 L
1.10 L
1.83 L
2.24 L
1.83 L
Which of the following samples will have the greatest volume at STP?
22 g CO
22 g O 2
22 g He
22 g Cl 2
All of these samples would have the same volume at STP.
22 g He
Determine the theoretical yield and the percent yield if 21.8 g of K 2CO 3 is produced from reacting 27.9 g KO 2 with 29.0 L of CO 2 (at STP). The molar mass of KO 2 = 71.10 g/mol and K 2CO 3 = 138.21 g/mol.
4 KO 2(s) + 2 CO 2(g) → 2 K 2CO 3(s) + 3 O 2(g)
179 g, 12.2 % yield
91.7 g, 23.8 % yield
61.0 g, 35.7 % yield
206 g, 10.6 % yield
27.1 g, 80.4 % yield
27.1 g, 80.4 % yield
The mathematical expression of the ideal gas law is
PV = nRT
The total pressure in a mixture of gases is equal to the partial pressure(s) of
the gas with the smallest number of moles.
all the gases added together.
the gas with the greatest number of moles.
the gas with the highest molecular weight.
the gas that occupies the largest volume.
all the gases added together.
Which of the following samples will have the lowest pressure if they are all at the same temperature and in identical containers (same volume)?
15 g Ne
15 g Kr
15 g CO 2
15 g F 2
All of these samples will have the same pressure.
15 g Kr
A mixture of 1.0 mol He and 1.0 mol Ne are at STP in a rigid container. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
The mixture has a volume of 22.4 L
Both gases have the same average kinetic energy.
Both gases contribute equally to the density of the mixture under these conditions.
Both gases have the same molecular speed.
All of the above are TRUE.
Both gases have the same average kinetic energy.
The pressure exerted by a gas on the walls of its container is directly proportional to
the mass of the individual gas molecules.
the centigrade temperature of the gas.
the Fahrenheit temperature of the gas.
the number of moles of gas in the sample.
the volume of the container.
the number of moles of gas in the sample.
As the reaction of carbon with oxygen to produce carbon monoxide proceeds in a sealed container at a constant temperature of 600 K, the pressure in the container will __________.
2C(s) + O2(g) → 2CO(g)
increase
decrease
depend on whether a catalyst is present
remain constant
increase
Note 
Flashcard (21)