Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flashcards covering key concepts from Chapter 25 on the nutrition and transport in flowering plants.

Casparian strip

A structure in plant roots that prevents backflow of minerals and allows higher mineral concentration in root xylem than surrounding soil.

Proton pump

A plasma-membrane protein that transports hydrogen ions out of the cell, creating an electrochemical gradient.

Mycorrhizae

A mutualistic association between fungi and plant roots that increases the surface area for mineral and water uptake.

Cohesion-Tension Model

A model that describes the passive transport of water in xylem due to the cohesion of water molecules and the tension created by transpiration.

Stomata

Small openings on leaf surfaces controlled by guard cells that regulate gas exchange and water loss.

Phloem

Vascular tissue responsible for transporting organic materials, primarily sucrose, in plants.

Xylem

Vascular tissue responsible for the transport of water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.

Water potential

The potential energy of water in a system, influencing the movement of water across membranes.

Osmotic pressure

The pressure required to prevent the flow of water across a semipermeable membrane due to solute concentration differences.

Pressure-Flow Model

A model explaining the movement of phloem sap driven by positive pressure created by water influx and sucrose loading.