Notes 39 - Properties of Acids and Bases (GGHS)

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Flashcards covering the properties of acids and bases, including definitions, models, and acid types.

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13 Terms

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Acids

Substances with a sour taste that react with some metals to produce H2 gas and with carbonates to produce CO2 gas.

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Bases

Substances with a bitter taste that feel slippery when mixed with water and neutralize acids.

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Arrhenius Model of Acids and Bases

An early model that defined acids as substances releasing hydrogen ions (H+) in solution and bases as substances releasing hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution.

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Brønsted-Lowry Acid-Base Model

A model defining acids as proton (H+ ion) donors and bases as proton acceptors.

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Conjugate Acid

The substance formed when a base accepts a proton; it has acidic properties.

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Conjugate Base

The substance formed when an acid donates a proton; it has basic properties.

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Hydronium Ion

A water molecule that has accepted a proton (H3O+), representing H+ ions in aqueous solutions.

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Amphoteric Substance

A substance that can act as both an acid and a base.

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Strong Acids

Acids that dissociate almost completely in solution, resulting in a high concentration of H3O+ ions.

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Weak Acids

Acids that only partially dissociate in solution, resulting in a lower concentration of H3O+ ions.

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Monoprotic Acids

Acids that can donate one proton (H+).

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Diprotic Acids

Acids that can donate two protons (H+).

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Triprotic Acids

Acids that can donate three protons (H+).