The Great Depression and New Deal

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to the Great Depression and the New Deal.

Great Depression

A severe worldwide economic depression that took place during the 1930s.

Stock Market Crash of 1929

A major crash on October 29, 1929, when stock values fell dramatically, leading to massive financial panic.

Herbert Hoover

The 31st President of the United States who presided over the Great Depression and was criticized for his response to it.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

The 32nd President of the United States who implemented the New Deal to counter the Great Depression.

New Deal

A series of programs and policies implemented by FDR to promote economic recovery and social reform during the Great Depression.

Hoovervilles

Makeshift shantytowns where homeless people lived during the Great Depression, named after President Hoover.

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

A New Deal agency that worked on environmental projects and provided jobs for young men.

Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)

A New Deal program designed to boost agricultural prices by reducing surpluses.

Wagner Act

A 1935 law that established the legal right for workers to organize and join unions.

Social Security Act

A 1935 law that created a system of old-age benefits and unemployment insurance.

Okies

Migrants, especially from Oklahoma, who moved to California during the Great Depression in search of jobs and better living conditions.

Bonus Army

A group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington, D.C. in 1932 to demand early payment of bonuses.

Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act

A 1930 act that raised tariffs on imported goods, worsening the global economic situation.

Dust Bowl

A severe drought during the 1930s that greatly affected the Great Plains, leading to massive agricultural failure.

Emergency Banking Act

A 1933 law designed to stabilize the banking system, allowing banks to reopen after inspections.

First Hundred Days

The first three months of FDR's presidency, during which numerous New Deal programs were enacted.

Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)

A New Deal agency that provided direct cash assistance to the needy.

Public Works Administration (PWA)

A New Deal program that funded large-scale public works projects to create jobs.

Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)

A 1938 law that established minimum wage and overtime pay requirements.

Huey Long

A politician who championed wealth redistribution policies during the Great Depression.