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eyepiece
body tube
course adjustment knob
fine adjustment knob
revolving nose piece
objective
condenser
inclination joint
mirror
base
ocular lenses
arm
slide clips
objective
revolving nosepiece
stage
condensor
substage iris diaphragm
fine focus
course focus
slide position knob
base
light source
power switch
magnification: 4x
total magnification: 40x
aka: scanning objective
magnification: 10x
total magnification: 100x
aka: LPO
magnification: 40x
total magnification: 400x
aka: HPO
magnification: 100x
total magnification: 1000x
aka: OIO (oil immersion objective)
interphase
prophase
later prophase
metaphase
early anaphase
anaphase
telophase
later telophase
what is fertilization?
haploid gametes of a species fuse to form a zygote
what is cleavage?
zygote undergoing mitotic divisions
what is a blastula?
zygote that has undergone several cell division, and rearranges into a hollow structure
parts of a blastula
blastoderm - the divided cells
blastocoel - space inside cell
types of cleavage, their descriptions, and examples
holoblastic - complete cleavage; less yolk (sea urchin, frog, mammal)
mesoblastic - incomplete cleavage; more yolk (insect, bird, fish, reptiles)
what is gastrulation
blastula folds in on itself forming 3 layers (germ layers) of cells (aka: gastrula)
ectoderm
endoderm
archenteron
blastophore
blastocoel
what are the 3 germ layers
endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm
what is organogenesis
formation of organs via differentiation of germ layers
organogenesis starts with the formation of the neural tube. what are the stages of forming the neural tube?
neural plate, neural fold, neural groove, neural tube
starfish - morula stage
starfish - 8-cell stage
starfish - fertilized ovum
starfish - unfertilized ovum
starfish - invagination
starfish - blastula
starfish - early gastrula
ignore arrow
starfish - late gastrula
starfish - 4-cell stage
starfish - 2-cell stage
starfish - bipinnaria
frog - 2 cell stage
black arrow - cleavage furrow
ignore arrows
frog morula
identify arrows
frog - blastula
black arrow - blastocoel
ignore arrows
frog - early gastrula
identify arrows
frog - gastrula
black arrow - blastocoel
black arrowhead - archenteron
blue arrow - presumptive neural plate
green arrow: presumptive notochord
yellow arrow - yolk plug
red arrow - blastophore
identify arrows
frog - early neurula
black arrowhead - neural groove
black arrow - neural fold
identify arrows
frog - neurula
black arrow - neural tube
What is blood?
Note 
Flashcard (20)