CCNA Semester 2 - Module 1 WANs and Routers

Flashcards covering key concepts related to WAN characteristics, router components, and WAN standards.

WAN

Wide Area Network, connects devices over large geographical areas.

Router

A special type of computer that directs data packets between networks.

PPP

Point-to-Point Protocol, supports multiple network layer protocols.

HDLC

High-Level Data Link Control, an IEEE standard for point-to-point and multipoint links.

RAM

Random Access Memory, used for storing routing tables and configuration while powered on.

NVRAM

Non-Volatile Random Access Memory, retains startup configuration when powered off.

Flash Memory

Memory that holds the operating system image and retains content when powered down.

ROM

Read-Only Memory, maintains instructions for the router's boot process.

LAN Interface

Connects local area networks to the router for data entry and exit.

WAN Interface

Connects wide area networks to the router for data transmission.

Circuit-Switched

A type of WAN link where a dedicated circuit is established for communication.

Packet-Switched

A type of WAN technology that sends data in small packets over shared communication paths.

Configuration File

A file containing the settings and parameters used to operate the router.

IOS

Internetwork Operating System, the software that runs on Cisco routers.