Canadian Mental Health Care Continuum: Systems, Crisis, and Recovery

What is the goal of an integrated health system in mental health care?

To deliver the right care, by the right person, to the right person or family, at the right time and in the right place.

What are the primary factors contributing to mental illnesses?

A combination of biologic, social, psychological, and spiritual aspects of people's lives.

What does the continuum of care in mental health encompass?

An integrated health system of supports and services designed to maximize health and wellbeing across the lifespan.

What types of care does the Primary Health Care Approach include?

Promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative, and supportive/palliative care.

What principles is the Primary Health Care Approach based on?

Accessibility, public participation, health promotion, appropriate technology, and intersectoral cooperation.

What are some components of the mental health care system?

Mental health promotion, crisis response systems, outpatient care, acute mental health care, and harm reduction.

What is the focus of crisis intervention in mental health care?

Deescalation, stabilization, symptom reduction, and prevention of relapse requiring inpatient services.

What roles do nurses play in crisis intervention?

Making accurate assessments, delivering short-term therapeutic interventions, and administering medication.

What is the purpose of crisis stabilization?

To control precipitating symptoms through medications, behavioral interventions, and coordination with other agencies for appropriate aftercare.

What does psychosocial emergency preparedness involve?

Preparation for emergencies and disasters, including mobilization of resources and coordination of federal response in health sector.

What is the significance of persons with lived experience in mental health care?

They provide valuable insights and perspectives that inform mental health promotion and services.

What are crisis response systems designed to provide?

Flexible, portable, and person-centered crisis supports.

What types of services are included in psychiatric emergency services?

Emergency preparedness, mobile crisis response, and access to crisis emergency residential services.

What is the role of e-health in mental health care?

To enhance access to mental health services through technology.

What does harm reduction in mental health care aim to achieve?

To minimize the negative consequences associated with mental illness and substance use.

What is the importance of community support in mental health care?

It provides essential resources and assistance for individuals in need of mental health services.

What is the role of primary care in the mental health care system?

To provide initial assessment, treatment, and referral for mental health issues.

What is the significance of accessibility in mental health care?

Ensures that all individuals have the opportunity to receive necessary mental health services.

What is the focus of mental health promotion?

To enhance mental well-being and prevent mental health issues before they arise.

What is primary care in the context of mental health?

The first point of access to the health care system, requiring an integrated, patient-centered approach.

What are collaborative mental health care models?

Models that involve different specialties, disciplines, or sectors working together to reduce gaps in treatment.

What is the purpose of outpatient programs?

To provide less intensive residential environments that promote community connection and reintegration.

What are intensive outpatient programs?

Programs for individuals requiring frequent monitoring to remain connected with the community.

What does coordination of care involve?

Integration of services tailored to client strengths and limitations, establishing partnerships among practitioners, patients, and families.

What role does a psychiatric nurse play as a case manager?

They provide direct care and coordinate care delivered by others, requiring knowledge of patient needs and community resources.

What skills are essential for a psychiatric nurse case manager?

Collaboration, teaching, management, leadership, followership, group skills, critical thinking, and research skills.

What are consumer self-help initiatives?

Organizations operated by and for people with serious mental illnesses, promoting empowerment, participation, and social justice.

What challenges do individuals with serious mental illness face in finding housing?

They struggle to meet social, financial, and safety needs, leading to higher rates of substance abuse and victimization.

What is supported housing?

Community-based residential services that provide intensive support for individuals with serious mental illness.

What is the focus of supportive employment in mental health?

To maintain attachment between individuals with mental illness and the workforce, reducing reliance on disability benefits.

What is the goal of Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) teams?

To provide intensive treatment and support for individuals with serious mental illness who struggle to engage with other services.

What criteria must be met for acute inpatient hospitalization?

Patients must be at high risk for harming themselves, harming others, or unable to care for their basic needs.

What is harm reduction in mental health?

Strategies and policies aimed at reducing negative consequences associated with substance use, built on principles of social justice.

What is the purpose of mental health courts?

To address cases involving individuals who are not criminally responsible due to mental illness.

What are community treatment orders (CTOs)?

Legal orders that support individuals with mental illness in receiving treatment while living in the community.

What is the significance of decriminalization of mental illness?

It aims to provide appropriate treatment and support rather than punitive measures for individuals with mental health issues.

What is the primary focus of palliative care?

Providing comfort and support to individuals during end-of-life care.

What does e-Mental Health refer to?

Mental health services and information delivered or enhanced through the internet and related technologies.

How does e-Mental Health empower individuals?

By providing greater access to information and peer support through online connections.

What are some forms of mental health interventions adapted for online access?

Mobile apps, telehealth, health-promoting games, learning modules, and virtual reality scenarios.

What is a key characteristic of a comprehensive mental health system in Canada?

It is based on a commitment to patient-centered care and integrated into all aspects of the system.

What are some components of mental health promotion?

Early childhood intervention programs, nutritional and psychosocial interventions, and community-based violence prevention.

What does the recovery framework emphasize in mental health?

The client's quality of life rather than just clinical recovery.

What is a recovery-oriented practice?

Creating a culture and language of hope, recognizing recovery as personal and contextual.

Why is the value of lived experience important in a recovery-oriented system?

It includes and values persons with lived experience, enhancing peer support and self-help services.

What is trauma-informed care?

Care that is aware of the potential trauma history of individuals and seeks to make them comfortable during the process.

What role does empowerment play in psychiatric rehabilitation?

It is key to the development and maintenance of daily and community living skills.

What are some areas of skill development emphasized in psychiatric rehabilitation?

Communication, vocational skills, self-care, and social skills.

What is the goal of mental health promotion interventions for vulnerable populations?

To provide support in areas like socioeconomic empowerment, housing, and violence prevention.

What is the significance of community development in mental health promotion?

It aims to reduce poverty and promote equity, diversity, and inclusion.

What is a key aspect of recovery as defined in Canada's national mental health strategy?

Recovery occurs in the context of one's life and responds to diverse needs.

What should be considered when providing trauma-informed care?

Informing individuals about the process and asking about their preferences and comfort.

How can mental health interventions be tailored for specific populations?

By adapting services to meet the unique needs of those at greater risk of lacking access.

What is the role of peer support in recovery-oriented practice?

It provides individuals with shared experiences and support in their recovery journey.

What is the importance of early childhood interventions in mental health promotion?

They support children's development in homes and schools, laying a foundation for future mental health.