Cranial nerves

Olfactory nerve

CN I

olfactory nerve

The first cranial nerve responsible for the sense of smell.

asomnia

loss of smell caused by damage to CN I the olfactory nerve

optic nerve

CN II

optic nerve

The second cranial nerve responsible for vision, transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain.

oculomotor nerve

CN III

oculomotor nerve

The third cranial nerve that controls most of the eye's movements, constriction of the pupil, and maintains an open eyelid.

trochlear nerve

CN IV

trochlear nerve

The fourth cranial nerve that innervates the superior oblique muscle of the eye, allowing for downward and lateral gaze.

trigeminal nerve

CN V

trigeminal nerve

cranial nerve five responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing.

Abducens nerve

CN VI

abducens nerve

Cranial nerve six that controls lateral eye movement.

facial nerve

CN VII

facial nerve

Cranial nerve seven responsible for facial expressions and taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.

vestibulocochlear nerve

CN VII

vestibulocochlear nerve

Cranial nerve eight responsible for hearing and balance.

glossopharyngeal nerve

CN IX

glossopharyngeal nerve

cranial nerve nine swallowing, taste (posterior 1/3 tongue), salivation

vagus nerve

CN X

vagus nerve

cranial nerve ten, involved in autonomic functions (heart/digestion), and respiratory rate.

accessory nerve

CN XI

accessory nerve

Cranial nerve eleven, primarily responsible for movement of neck and shoulder muscles.

hypoglossal nerve

CN XII

hypoglossal nerve

Cranial nerve twelve, responsible for tongue movements.