apush period 4

embargo act (1807)

passed by Jefferson, stopped u.s. ships from trading w/ foreign ports to pressure British and french. ended up hurting US economy

why did Jefferson pass embargo?

b/c/ french and British didn’t respect US neutrality in napolean wars

non intercourse act (1809)

replaced embargo, cut off trade w/ Britain and France only

adam onis treaty/treaty of 1819

Spain gave Florida to US, established west border in Louisiana territory

anglo American convention 1818

US and british agree to joint occupy oregon county.

war of 1812

US vs British, b/c impressment (seized us sailors and forced them into British navy service) & supported native resistance of US suppression

tension between brit and US?

non intercourse act, British refused to evacuate troops from forts in the US frontier

treaty of ghent

ended war of 1812, but everything went back to how it was, nothing changed

monroe doctrine

us won’t interfere w east hemisphere, vice versa

era of good feelings

after war of 1812, nationalism high, less party conflict, lasted until panic of 1814

market revolution

US economy shifted from subsistence agriculture to industrial & commercial

subsistence agriculture

most ppl are farmers & grow/make everything need to survive

commercial

goods are massed produced and sold to consumers for max profit

samuel slater

made 1st textile factory in US

eli whitney & American system of manufacturing

goods w/ interchangeable parts, unskilled human labor, goods made separately & then assembled

new technology

steam engines, telegraphs, mechanical reaper

government sponsored infrastructure

roads, canals, railroads

roads?

cumberland/national road

importance of transportation/infrastructures

connected regions of US, easier to ship goods to regional markets, national economy better

importance of immigration during market revolution

immigrants were cheap labor for factories in northern states

louisana purchase 1803

France/Napoleon sold Louisiana territory to US

constructionists

believed federal power was limited to constitution’s exact words (eg Thomas jefferson)

judicial nationalism

court decisions under John marshal, focused on federal power > state power

examples of judicial branch favoring federal power over state power

mcCulloch v Maryland (1819), fed laws > state laws if they contradict & gibbons vs Ogden 1824, let Congress regulate interstate commerce

panic of 1819

nationwide economic depression, caused by 2nd bank of US (land speculation, loaning more than they have, etc)

election of 1828

andrew Jackson (democrat/democratic republican) vs John Quincy Adams (national republican/federalist), jackson won b/c he appealed to common ppl

nullification crisis

tarriff of abominations & force bill

tariff of abominations

economic strain on south, south Carolina threatened to secede union of tariff was passed

force bill

Jackson sent troops to south Carolina to collect taxes, also promised to lower tariffs

bank war

jackson vetoed 2nd BUS recharter, said it was corrupt, put federal deposit into his loyal state banks instead

indian removal act 1830

forced removal/displacement of native groups (eg trail of tears, Cherokee, black hawk war 1832)

2nd great awakening

religious revival aimed to reform society as a whole, emphasis on emotion, result temperance, women's rights, abolition, new denominations (mormons), utopian societies (oneida community)

temperance movement

elimiate alcohol production and consumption in the US

seneca falls convention 1848

womens rights movement, declaration of sentiments (women’s full equality)

henry clay’s American system 1824

grow federal economy, unite regional economies, infrastructure projects, protective tariffs (tariff of 1816, to help domestic industry), 2nd BUS (national currency & regulate public credit)

sectionalism

loyalty specific region, not nation as a whole (over differences eg slavery)

misouri compromise 1820

missouri’s admittance would cause an imbalance in senators for North & south. Missouri admitted as slave state & Maine as free, 30 60 line to divide slavery in west US, shows north and south division over slavery

abolitionist movement

david walker’s an appeal to the colored citizens of the world, William Lloyd garrison’s the liberator

Nat Turner rebellion 1831

killed 50+ whites, resulted in white planters fearing more rebellions & stricter slave codes in the south

2nd middle passage & why?

domestic forced migration/trade of slaves from upper south to deep south b/c of cotton boom