Chemistry 20 - Gases

Absolute zero

is considered the lowest possible temperature that can be attained, it is the temperature which all molecular motion stops (-273.15 K degrees celsius or 0 K)

Law of combining volumes

when measured at the same temperature and pressure, volumes of gaseous reactants and products of chemical reactions are always in simple whole number ratios, becomes Avogadro’s theory

Combined Gas Law

result of combining Boyle’s Law and Charles’ Law, states the relationship among the temperature, volume, and pressure for a fixed amount of gas

Charles’ law

the volume of a gas varies directly with its temperature

Boyle’s law

the relationship in which the volume of a gas is inversely related with the pressure of the gas

Ideal gas law

assumes that particles have no volume and are not attracted to each other, follows all gas laws perfectly under all conditions, does not condense when cooled (hypothetical, does not really exist)

Real gas

does not follow gas laws exactly, it deviates at low temperatures and high pressures

Standard temperature and pressure (STP)

0 degrees celsius and 101.325 kPa

Standard ambient temperature and pressure (SATP)

25 degrees celsius and 100 kPa

Pressure

defined as force per unit area; measured in kilopascals (kPa) or atmospheres (atm)