chemistry nuclear idk

Acid

a substance that can donate hydrogen ions in water, can neutralise a base

Base

a substance that can accept hydrogen ions in water, can neutralise an acid

Litmus paper

litmus stained paper used to indicate the acidity/alkalinity of a substance

Alpha decay

nuclear reaction where a nucleus ejects an alpha particle

Alpha radiation

ionising radiation made of alpha particles, can’t penetrate far into materials

Beta particle

small, negatively charged particle ejected from a nucleus during a nuclear reaction

Carbon dating

method for judging the age of artifacts/fossils by measuring the amount of carbon 14 present

Gamma radiation

form of ionising radiation made up of gamma rays

Half life

time it takes for half the nucleus to decay

Law of conservation of mass

Matter cannot be created or destroyed but can be transferred or transformed

Nuclear decay

when a nucleus undergoes a nuclear reaction and emits radiation

Radio isotope

an isotope with a nucleus may undergo a nuclear reaction

isotope

different form of element, same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Alkali

something that is basic

Indicator

a tool or device used to measure pH

pH

amount of hydrogen ions in a substance

Alpha particle

made up of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, identical to a helium particle

Beta decay

a nuclear reaction where a nucleus ejects a beta particle

Beta radiation

nuclear radiation made up of beta particles, penetrates moderately far into materials

Gamma decay

nuclear decay involving the release of gamma rays, penetrates really far into materials

Gamma ray

high energy electromagnetic wave produced when the protons and neutrons in a nucleus rearrange

Ionising radiation

any form of radiation with the ability to remove electrons from atoms and molecules

Nuclear radiation

rays or particles that are emitted by a nucleus during a nuclear reaction

Salt

An ionic compound made up of a metal and nonmetal

symptoms of radiation poisoning

nausea, hair loss, fever

radiation used in real life

x rays, cancer treatment, smoke detectors

Lowest penetration to highest penetration

Alpha, beta, gamma

Least dangerous to most dangerous

Alpha, beta, gamma

Lowest mass to highest mass

Gamma, beta, alpha