AP Statistics Exam Review

Vocabulary flashcards to help review key concepts in AP Statistics for the upcoming exam.

Statistical Inference

The process of drawing conclusions about a population based on a sample.

Sampling Distribution

The probability distribution of a statistic obtained from a larger population.

Confidence Interval

A range of values used to estimate the true value of a population parameter.

Bias

A systematic error that occurs in a sampling method, making it unrepresentative of the population.

Point Estimate

A single value used to estimate a population parameter.

P-value

The probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the results actually observed, under the assumption that the null hypothesis is correct.

Type I Error

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true.

Type II Error

Failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false.

Standard Deviation of the Residuals

A measure of the distance between the predicted values and the actual observations.

Least-Squares Regression Line

A line that minimizes the sum of the squares of the residuals.

Normal Distribution

A continuous probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence.

Z-score

A statistical measurement that describes a value's relationship to the mean of a group of values.

Margin of Error

The amount of error that is allowed in the results of a statistical analysis.

Causal Relationship

A relationship indicating that one event is the result of the occurrence of another event.