Lab 1 - Gross & Microscopic Anatomy of the Endocrine System

What is the endocrine system all about

Organs that make hormones

What are hormones

Chemical signals in the blood

Where is the Pituitary gland located? What is it attached to?

Green ? Red ? Blue ?

The pituitary gland “hangs” off the hypothalamus. It’s connected to a stalk of tissue called the infundibulum

Pituitary gland

Infundibulum

Hypothalamus

Where in the bone is the pituitary gland located?

Point out the location, What is the blue arrow pointing to?

it is nestled within the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone

The red dashed line area is the sella turcica

Infundibulum

Name the main parts of the pituitary gland, point them out

What is the black arrow pointing to?

Anterior portion - Adenohypophysis

Posterior portion - Neurohypophysis

Hypothalamus

Which portion of the Pituitary gland is larger & what does it do?

The adenohypophysis is larger and it synthesizes and releases:

• Growth hormone

• Thyroid-stimulating hormone

• Lutenizing hormone

• Follicle-stimulating hormone

• prolactin

Which portion of the Pituitary gland is smaller & what does it do?

The neurohypophysis is smaller and it stores and releases hormones that are synthesized within the hypothalamus:

• Antidiuretic hormone

• Oxytocin

It also doesn’t make it’s own hormones. Hormones from the hypothalamus are sent down axons into the posterior pituitary

What does growth hormone do?

stimulates bone & muscle growth

what does thyroid stimulating hormone do ?

stimulates the thyroid gland

What do luteinizing hormone & follicle-stimulating hormone do?

Act on the gonads, (act on the testes in males and act on the ovaries in females)

What does prolactin do ?

Acts on the mammary gland in females

What does Antidiuretic hormone do

Makes you not pee, which makes your blood volume & blood pressure stay up

What is Oxytocin involved in

Acts on the uterus during childbirth & acts on the mammary glands while breastfeeding

Point out the arrows on this histological miscroscopic view

Hypothalamus

Infundibulum

Adenohypophysis

Neurohypophysis

Where are the adrenal glands located? Point the arrows out

The adrenal glands are paired and sit on top of the kidney

Kidney

Adrenal glands

adrenal glands are aka

suprarenal glands