Antebellum America Test

impressment

British forced enlistment of American sailors into the Royal Navy/kidnapped for work; British didn’t view as a crime because they viewed Americans as British people, so Americans got angry because they didn’t respect American independence.

western expansion

The movement of settlers into the American West, driven by the desire for land and resources; Jefferson wanted to promote agriculture and increase opportunity for American citizens.

letters of Marque

Letters from the president that allowed privateers to act as part of the Navy; they played a big role in the War of 1812 and allowed privateers to make a profit

flogging

A form of punishment involving beating or whipping, often used on naval ships as a disciplinary measure.

keelhauling

A severe naval punishment involving dragging a sailor under the ship's keel, often resulting in severe injury or death.

battle of Lake Erie

A significant naval engagement during the War of 1812 where American forces, led by Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry, achieved a decisive victory over the British fleet, securing control of Lake Erie.

Oliver Hazard Perry

Naval commander credited with the victory over Lake Erie; got ships out sooner than Canadians

Battle of New Orleans

The final major battle of the War of 1812, fought on January 8, 1815, where American forces, led by General Andrew Jackson, defeated British troops, which occurred after the Treaty of Ghent was signed.

treaty of Ghent

The agreement that officially ended the War of 1812 between the United States and Britain, restoring pre-war borders and addressing issues such as trade rights/status quo

Jean Lafitte

A privateer and smuggler in the Galveston who aided American forces during the Battle of New Orleans.

the burning of washington dc

A significant event during the War of 1812 where British forces invaded and set fire to several government buildings in Washington, D.C., including the White House, in August 1814.

dolly maddison

The wife of James Madison, she is best known for saving important documents and a portrait of George Washington during the burning of Washington, D.C.

fort mchenry

A coastal fort in Baltimore, Maryland, that successfully defended the city from British attack during the War of 1812, famously inspiring the poem that became the "Star-Spangled Banner."

Lewis and Clark expedidion

an expedition commissioned by Thomas Jefferson to meet native Americans, identify flora and fauna, and look for trade opportunities

Lewis

Jefferson’s secretary and the medic on the trip

Clark

a friend of Lewis and soldier

Louisiana Purchase

The acquisition of territory from France in 1803, doubling the size of the United States and providing access to vital resources and land.

causes of western expansion and industrialization

Lewis and Clark expedition, War of 1812, Transportation revolution

Transportation revolution

a period of sudden and drastic change in transportation (ex. steam engines, steamboats) in antebellum america

translation chain

Lewis (French) - Charbonneau (Hidatsa) - Sacajawea (Shoshone) - Native American boy (Nez Perce) - tribe

barn raising

an act of community where everyone would help build/rebuild a barn for a member

girdling

cutting the wood around a tree so it dies and is easier to cut down

Texas Revolution

Texas wanted independence from Mexico because they outlawed slavery in 1830.

old 300

Stephen F. Austin gave land grants to 300 people to move into Texas

Texas slogan

“Come and take it”

Goliad massacre

Mexico and Texas fought in Goliad, Texas was severely outnumbered and lost. Any survivors were killed.

David Crockett

An explorer who survived the Goliad war, but was captured and severely tortured before he was killed.

Battle of San Jacinto

battle led by Sam Houston that Texas won

Santa Anna

president of Mexico who led the Mexican army

alamo

a brutal battle between Mexico and Texas that Texas lost.

Trail of Tears

path of the forced displacement of Native Americans; about 1/3 of the 60000 died

worcester vs georgia

supreme court case declaring it was constitutional for the Cherokee to stay in their land, but andrew jackson moved them out anyway

Andrew Jackson

7th president of the US

seminole wars

1835-1842; florida, runaway slaves lived with them and US wanted the slaves back so they fought. The war was very gruesome and even Andrew Jackson admitted they went too far.

Treaty of New Echota

A treaty that gave native American territory to americans for 5 million dollars and less favorable land. the treaty was not signed by the elected officials of the Cherokee Nation, but by a small amount of Cherokee leaders.

what were the pros and cons of the antebellum period

Industerial revolution increased production and boosted economy, cotton was big part, but this also increased slavery. US gained more territories in the west, but this led to the forced removal of Native Americans.