chapter 26- seed plants

gymnosperms

conifers; no fruit to cover seed(produce naked seeds) , sperm develops inside pollen grains and use wind for pollination

angiosperms

flowering plants; covered with a fruit that attracts animals, pollen and eggs live in structure called flower, use wind and animals for fertilization

angiosperms are classified according to

how many cotyledons(embryonic leaves) they have

monocots

1 embryonic leaf

dicots(eudicots)

2 embryonic leaves

what are the two diff types of root systems

tap root and fibrous root

tap root system

main root that grows down vertically and form many smaller lateral roots

fibrous root system:

number of roots that are the same size, locate closer to the soil surface and for, a dense network of roots; prevent erosion

Vascular bundles have 2 essential components;

xylem and phloem

xylem

is the tissue through which water and dissolved minerals are absorbed through roots and distributed to the leaves

phloem

is the tissue through which food produced in leaves by photosynthesis is conducted all over the plant

difference of monocots and dicots

1.) embryonic leaf: mono: 1 di: 2

2.) leaves: mono: narrow  di: broad

3.) root system: mono: fibrous di: tap

4.) vascular bundles: mono: scattered  di: in a ring

5.)type of growth: mono: primary  di:secondary

6.) petals; mono: multiples of 3 di: 4 or 5

a plant with a narrow parallel veined leaves

monocots

a plant with a large, long, deep root

dicot

a plant with broad leaves and branching veins

dicot

a plant with a fibrous root system 

monocot

a plant with a woody bark in its trunk

dicot

Seed plants are better adapted to land than seedless plants because in seed plants

1. Sperms does not rely on water to get to eggs
   2. Sperms reside in pollen grains and carried through the air or on animals
   3. Seeds that are tiny packages of food provide protection for the embryo