Old Testament final

what does Ezekiel mean

"El strengthens"

Where did Ezekiel take place

Babylonian captivity

characteristics of the times in Ezekiel

1. exiled folks were viewed as being cut off from covenant blessings

2. Ezekiels hopes of being a priest before Yahweh in Jerusalem are gone

3. Yahwehs appearance to Ezekiel shatters common myth that Israel served a localized patron deity

describe the times of Ezekiel

Assyrian Empire was in power and Babylonians defeated them by destroying everything

what river is mentioned in Ezekiel

Chebar River

what was the difference in the Assyrians and babylonians

Assyrians spread everyone out whereas Babylonians kept exiles together

3 interpretations for the fulfillment of Ezekiel 40-48

1. figurative: refers to NT church temple

2. literal: future millennial reign and temple

3. ideational: where god is there is Zion

what are the parts of Ezekiel

part one: message of doom and gloom for Judah/Israel

part two: messages of hope and restoration for Judah/Israel

describe the being shown in Ezekiel

4 beings with wheels that moved in 4 directions

what did the scroll in Ezekiel represent

the law

t/f God is no longer in the temple (Ezekiel)

true

what was Israel compared to in Ezekiel

unfaithful wife

what does Daniel mean

"El is the one who judges me"

theme of Daniel

the sovereignty of the one true God who condemns and destroys the rebellious world power and faithfully delivers his covenant people according to their steadfast faith in him

Language of Daniel

Hebrew and Aramaic

t/f the longest Aramaic section in the Bible is in Daniel

true

t/f the reason for the use of two languages in Daniel is unknown

true

2 reasons for rejecting the traditional view for Daniel

1. anti-supernatural

2. supposed historical errors

two supposed historical errors in Daniel

1. Jeremiah 25:1 and Daniel 1:1 disagree on the new Kings year.; Jeremiah and Daniel may have used different systems (non accession or accession year)

2. The problem with Darius; other historical writing don't mention Darius, but some say Darius and Cyrus were the same because Persian kings would rule with different names over different regions.

what is the apocalypse genre

revelatory literature, with a narrative framework in which a revelation is mediated by an other worldly being to a human recipient disclosing a transcendent reality

Characteristics of apocalyptic literature

1. narrow eschatology

2. Mediated revelation.

3. Unusual imagery

4. Setting is oppressive

5. Determine view of history and attendant optimism

example of apocalyptic literature in Daniel

Daniel 7- God and son of man are seen

themes from Daniel 1-6 that forms basic understanding of Daniel 7

1. Jews are invited to compromise their commitment to Yahweh, but they refuse.

2. In chapter 2, Daniel superior wisdom is introduced and only he can interpret the Kings dream.

Who besieges Jerusalem (King of Babylon) in Daniel

Nebuchadnezzar

who was the king of Judah when Nebuchadnezzar besieged Jerusalem

Jehoiakim

who's dream does Daniel interpret

Nebuchadnezzar

who was the son of Nebuchadnezzar and pooped his pants tehe

Belshazzar

who (king of Persia) throws Daniel in the lions den

darius

what was Daniels interpretation of Nebuchadnezzar's vision of the four beasts

beast 1: babylon

beast 2: medo-persia

beast 3: greece

beast 4: rome

when was Hosea written

late in Jeroboams reign and completed late in hezekiahs reign

what does Hosea mean

salvation

what is the focus of the book Hosea

developed out of Hosea's tragic marriage

t/f the tone of Hosea is compassionate

true

t/f Hosea preached to his own people

true

theological message of Hosea

Historical interpretation: the book doesn't suggest otherwise, certain details don't fit allegorical. The reason for allegorical is to avoid problem with morality of God.

Allegorical interpretation: chapter one and three are representing God and Israel

Name of Hosea wife

gamer

name of hosea kids

jezreel: prophecy of judgment

lô'yuhāmāh: "no mercy/compassion" - shows God's attitude toward Israel

lô'ammî- "not my people" - symbolizes the broken covenant

when did Amos live

during the reign of jeroboam II of Israel and Uzziah of Judah

when did Amos receive the words from God

2 years before the earthquake

where was Amos from

herdsman from Tekoa, a town in Judah 5 miles from Bethlehem

t/f Amos was a prophet

false

theological message of Amos

1. Yahweh, the supreme God

2. Yahweh, the god of Israel.

3. Election responsibility - live, according to the revealed will of God.

4. The day of Yahweh.

what does Nahum mean

comfort

when does Nahum occur

7th century; mention of Thebes

when was the destruction of Nineveh

612 BC

Who began a series of revolts and the Babylonians won and Nineveh lost

Nebopolassar

what is the literary style of Nahum

he wrote the book instead of delivering it orally

message of Nahum

-Nahums prophecy comes from his firm belief in the righteousness of God. In the face of the ruthless Assyrians, Nahum declares that their wickedness is in rebellion against God.

- yahweh, the Divine Warrior fights on behalf of his people

What does Habakkuk mean?

from Akkadian "Plant, fruit tree"

when was Habakkuk written

during the raising up of the Chaldeasns

who took the throne of Babylon and was the father of Nebuchadnezzar during Habakkuk

Nabopolazzar

what does Obadiah mean

"servant of Yahweh"

what did Obadiah do

gave a vision concerning Edom, ancient enemy of Israel despised for treatment of Judah during the fall of Jerusalem

what is the Obadiah's position in the Hebrew canon

thematic rather than chronological

what is Daniel in English

prophet book

what is Daniel in Hebrew

writing

what is the message of obadiah

1. Oracles against Edom were nationalistic, the warnings against Edom served as warnings to Judah

2. The day of Yahweh promises Judah, that God will bring all matters into account.

3. Obadiah's message to today: may not treat family and neighbors as the Edomites treated Judah

arguments for an 8th century date of Jonah

1. linguistic data

2. biblical parallels to 2 Kings 14:25

genre of Jonah

Midrash, Allegory, didactic fiction, history

message of Jonah

Yahweh is concerned about his relationship with humanity, even beyond the people of Israel

Characteristics of the message of Jonah

Jonah is presented as a tainted hero; the call to international repentance rings, loud and clear, and there is hope for all

What does Micah mean?

Who is like Yahweh

Where is Micah from?

Moresheth

When did Micah minister

during Jotham, Ahaz, and hezekiah

message of Micah

divine judgement against sin

what does Zephaniah mean

the Lord has treasured up

when did Zephaniah minister

During time of King Josiah

What does the tone of Zephaniah lead us to believe

Josiah has yet to carry out his reforms

t/f idolatry remain strong in Judah during Zephaniah

true

what is the message of Zephaniah

A disclosure of the things the Lord has in store for the people

What is the theological significance of Zephaniah

1. Judgment begins with household of God's people.

2. All nations will be confronted by the judgment of God.

3. God's judgment will bring about final purification.

What does Haggai mean

festal

When does Cyrus the great conquer Babylon and begins medo Persian empire

October 12, 539 BC

What is Cyrus's report recorded in?

Cyrus cylinder

t/f Cyrus allows Jews to return in order to rebuild the temple

true

what is the message of Habakkuk

- Life for the faithful--the judgment on Judah would be severe, but not total annihilation. God promised that the faithful would survive.

- understanding through honest doubt

Theological significance of Haggai

- sometimes repentance involves a return to service in God's kingdom work

- the latter glory of this house will be greater than the former

- spiritual uncleanliness contaminates our service to God

- the rising expectation for God's anointed one

what does Joel mean

Yahweh is God

t/f Joel refers to Judah as Israel

true

when is Joel's portrayal of the nations gathered for battle against yahweh found

in late materials

t/f Joel is post nehemiah

false; reference to the wall of the city = pre nehemiah

themes of Joel

1. the locust plague and the day of the Lord

2. the victory to com e(Joel 2:18 is the turning point)

what does the disaster of the plague mean

the day of reckoning is near

what is repentance about

the full restoration of God

what is the theological message of Joel

1. Joel 🐸looked forward to when God would answer Moses' prayer and the spirit of prophecy would be poured out on his people

2. Peter references Joel's desire in his message at Pentecost.

3. The day of Pentecost fulfilled Joel's prophecy