Exam 3 Spring 2019 Bio 183- Lisa Parks NCSU

Phophase I

phase in meiosis where crossing over occurs

T.H. morgan

Scienctist that studied x-linked traits in drosphila mutants

chromatids

replicated forms of chromosomes joined together by the centromere

dna polymerase

the enzyme that travels along a template strand of dna and adds complementary base pairs

metaphase II

phase in meiosis where chromosomes align along midplate

meiosis

in algae and fungi, zygotes undergo this to become a multicelled organism

polygenic inheritance

when multiple genes are involved in controlling the phenotype of a trait

dna primase

enzyme that makes an rna primer to begin dna replication

avery, macleod, and mccarty

scientists that purified cells to determine that dna was the inherited molecule

homologues

chromosomes that have the same genes but not always the same alleles

single stranded binding protein

binds to dna to prevent it from reforming a double helix

frederick griffith

scientist that studied streptococcus strains to determine what part of the bacteria was passed from strain to strain

diploid cells

in most animals, much of the life cycle is spent with cells in this state

mitosis

in most animals, this process is used to replace cells as they die

telomerase

enzyme that adds nucleotides to the ends of chromosomes to prevent them from shortening

DNA has to be separated and unwound in order to be replicated. Which enzymes assist with this?

dna topoisomerase, dna helicase

In certain plants, tall is dominant to short. If a heterozygous plant is crossed with a homozygous tall plant, what is the probability that the offspring will be short?

0

in radishes, red and white are pure breeding colors, while heterozygous radishes are purple. if a purple radish is crossed with a red radish, what fraction of the f1 generation will be red

50%

hershey and chase determined which of the following

dna is the genetic material transferred from a bacteriophage to a bacteria

arrange the following genetic terms in order to complexity from largest to smallest
1. chromosome
2. nucleotide
3. genome
4. double helix

3,1,4,2

If I toss a coin 3 times, what is the probability, in fractions, that I will get 1 head and 2 tails (in any order)?

3/8

when doing a test cross, you will need to use an individual trait that is

homozygous recessive for a particular trait

which one of the following statements about DNA is incorrect

the amount of A in a double stranded dna is equal to the amount of G

an enzyme called _______ makes one rna primer and ________ attaches nucleotides in a 5' to 3' direction

dna primase, dna polymerase

all of the following are characteristics of telomerase except

has an rna region that can be used to produce dna

In algae and fungi, organisms spend much of their life cycle as ____________ organisms and
have to undergo____________________ to produce gametes.

haploid, mitosis

which of the following does not contain genes

all of the above contain genes (chloroplasts, nucleus, nucleoid region, mitochondria)

dna consists of all of the following except

protein

all of the following can account for genetic variation except

mitosis

which of the following is used in the production of the lagging strand but not the leading strand

dna ligase

franklin and watkins

dna x-ray crystallography shows dna is uniform in width

meselson and stahl

DNA replicates semi-conservatively

watson and crick

dna forms an antiparallel double helix

colorblindness is a sex-linked trait. if a mother is a carrier for this trait but has normal vision and a father who is color blind have children, what % of their children would be expected to be color blind

50%

which best describes the genetics of the afflicting allele in the following

autosomal recessive

If you did a dihybrid cross and found that a very high percentage of F1 offspring looked like one or the other parent, what conclusion might you come to about these two traits?

the genes are linked on the same chromosome

Traits like human height or eye color are examples of traits that exhibit

polygenic inheritance

given the parents AAbb and AaBb, what proportion of the progeny will be expected to phenotypically resemble the first parent

1/2

which phase of meiosis is being described by the following sentence? homologous chromosomes line up at the midplate and spindle fibers attach to centromeres

metaphase I

guanine makes up 24% of the nucleotides in a sample of dna from an organism. what percent of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine

26

In guinea pigs, pink eyes are dominant to white eyes and pink noses are dominant to
brown noses. The genes for these two traits are linked on the same chromosome.
A guinea pig with pink eyes and pink nose is crossed with a guinea pig with white eyes
and a brown nose. Their offspring were 24 pink/pink, 3 pink/brown, 15 white/pink, and 8
white/brown. What is the recombination frequency?

36%

which one of the following is an example of an environmental factor affecting phenotypic expression in a population

the amount of rain affects the yield of an orange crop, the availability of nutrients affects the weight of mammalian species, the amount of time spent in the sunlight affects the skin color of a population

if the recombination frequency of two genes is 27%, are the genes linked?

yes

the dna structure consists of two strands of nucleotides that are

antiparallel

if i toss 2 coins, what is the probability that i will get 1 head and 1 tail in any order

1/2

during meiosis I, homologues become closely associated with each other. this is called

synapsis

name on environmental trigger that would cause genetically identical organisms to look different from each other

nutrients

the enzyme responsible for proofreading and replacing incorrect base pairs in dna is

dna polymerase

if the mother is a carrier of a disorder that is sex-linked and father is normal for that trait, what is the probability that a child will have the disorder

25%

dna replication does not happen between meiosis I and meiosis II

true

which most closely resembles mitosis

meiosis II

one of the mechanisms for ensuring genetic diversity is the random alignment of chromosomes in metaphase I. this is known as mendel's law of

independent assortment