Studied by 2 people
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Phophase I
phase in meiosis where crossing over occurs
T.H. morgan
Scienctist that studied x-linked traits in drosphila mutants
chromatids
replicated forms of chromosomes joined together by the centromere
dna polymerase
the enzyme that travels along a template strand of dna and adds complementary base pairs
metaphase II
phase in meiosis where chromosomes align along midplate
meiosis
in algae and fungi, zygotes undergo this to become a multicelled organism
polygenic inheritance
when multiple genes are involved in controlling the phenotype of a trait
dna primase
enzyme that makes an rna primer to begin dna replication
avery, macleod, and mccarty
scientists that purified cells to determine that dna was the inherited molecule
homologues
chromosomes that have the same genes but not always the same alleles
single stranded binding protein
binds to dna to prevent it from reforming a double helix
frederick griffith
scientist that studied streptococcus strains to determine what part of the bacteria was passed from strain to strain
diploid cells
in most animals, much of the life cycle is spent with cells in this state
mitosis
in most animals, this process is used to replace cells as they die
telomerase
enzyme that adds nucleotides to the ends of chromosomes to prevent them from shortening
DNA has to be separated and unwound in order to be replicated. Which enzymes assist with this?
dna topoisomerase, dna helicase
In certain plants, tall is dominant to short. If a heterozygous plant is crossed with a homozygous tall plant, what is the probability that the offspring will be short?
0
in radishes, red and white are pure breeding colors, while heterozygous radishes are purple. if a purple radish is crossed with a red radish, what fraction of the f1 generation will be red
50%
hershey and chase determined which of the following
dna is the genetic material transferred from a bacteriophage to a bacteria
arrange the following genetic terms in order to complexity from largest to smallest
1. chromosome
2. nucleotide
3. genome
4. double helix
3,1,4,2
If I toss a coin 3 times, what is the probability, in fractions, that I will get 1 head and 2 tails (in any order)?
3/8
when doing a test cross, you will need to use an individual trait that is
homozygous recessive for a particular trait
which one of the following statements about DNA is incorrect
the amount of A in a double stranded dna is equal to the amount of G
an enzyme called _______ makes one rna primer and ________ attaches nucleotides in a 5' to 3' direction
dna primase, dna polymerase
all of the following are characteristics of telomerase except
has an rna region that can be used to produce dna
In algae and fungi, organisms spend much of their life cycle as ____________ organisms and
have to undergo____________________ to produce gametes.
haploid, mitosis
which of the following does not contain genes
all of the above contain genes (chloroplasts, nucleus, nucleoid region, mitochondria)
dna consists of all of the following except
protein
all of the following can account for genetic variation except
mitosis
which of the following is used in the production of the lagging strand but not the leading strand
dna ligase
franklin and watkins
dna x-ray crystallography shows dna is uniform in width
meselson and stahl
DNA replicates semi-conservatively
watson and crick
dna forms an antiparallel double helix
colorblindness is a sex-linked trait. if a mother is a carrier for this trait but has normal vision and a father who is color blind have children, what % of their children would be expected to be color blind
50%
which best describes the genetics of the afflicting allele in the following
autosomal recessive
If you did a dihybrid cross and found that a very high percentage of F1 offspring looked like one or the other parent, what conclusion might you come to about these two traits?
the genes are linked on the same chromosome
Traits like human height or eye color are examples of traits that exhibit
polygenic inheritance
given the parents AAbb and AaBb, what proportion of the progeny will be expected to phenotypically resemble the first parent
1/2
which phase of meiosis is being described by the following sentence? homologous chromosomes line up at the midplate and spindle fibers attach to centromeres
metaphase I
guanine makes up 24% of the nucleotides in a sample of dna from an organism. what percent of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine
26
In guinea pigs, pink eyes are dominant to white eyes and pink noses are dominant to
brown noses. The genes for these two traits are linked on the same chromosome.
A guinea pig with pink eyes and pink nose is crossed with a guinea pig with white eyes
and a brown nose. Their offspring were 24 pink/pink, 3 pink/brown, 15 white/pink, and 8
white/brown. What is the recombination frequency?
36%
which one of the following is an example of an environmental factor affecting phenotypic expression in a population
the amount of rain affects the yield of an orange crop, the availability of nutrients affects the weight of mammalian species, the amount of time spent in the sunlight affects the skin color of a population
if the recombination frequency of two genes is 27%, are the genes linked?
yes
the dna structure consists of two strands of nucleotides that are
antiparallel
if i toss 2 coins, what is the probability that i will get 1 head and 1 tail in any order
1/2
during meiosis I, homologues become closely associated with each other. this is called
synapsis
name on environmental trigger that would cause genetically identical organisms to look different from each other
nutrients
the enzyme responsible for proofreading and replacing incorrect base pairs in dna is
dna polymerase
if the mother is a carrier of a disorder that is sex-linked and father is normal for that trait, what is the probability that a child will have the disorder
25%
dna replication does not happen between meiosis I and meiosis II
true
which most closely resembles mitosis
meiosis II
one of the mechanisms for ensuring genetic diversity is the random alignment of chromosomes in metaphase I. this is known as mendel's law of
independent assortment
