CIS 150 Notecards

Social media tools

Platforms for sharing content and communication.

Crisis mapping tools

Tools for visualizing and analyzing crisis data.

Digital Divide

Gap between those with and without internet access.

Web 2.0

Interactive web applications enabling user-generated content.

Cognitive Surplus

Leisure time available for collaborative projects online.

Sharing economy

Economic model based on sharing resources and services.

Computer literacy

Ability to use computers effectively and efficiently.

AI

Simulation of human intelligence by machines.

Four major functions of computer

Input, process, output, and storage of data.

Bits and Bytes

Basic units of digital information; 1 byte = 8 bits.

Types of computers

Categories include desktops, laptops, tablets, and servers.

Types of input devices

Devices like keyboards and mice for data entry.

Types of output devices

Devices like monitors and printers for displaying data.

Motherboard

Main circuit board connecting all computer components.

CPU

Central Processing Unit; processes instructions and data.

Types of storage devices

Includes HDDs, SSDs, USB drives, and CDs.

Types of memory

Includes RAM, ROM, and cache memory.

Power management

Techniques to reduce power consumption in devices.

Internet

Global network connecting millions of private, public networks.

Social media dos and don'ts

Guidelines for responsible and effective online behavior.

Online communication methods

Includes email, chat, video calls, and forums.

Business online

Conducting commercial activities via the internet.

IP address

Unique identifier for a device on a network.

URL parts

Components include protocol, domain, path, and query.

Domain names

Human-readable addresses for websites on the internet.

Cloud computing

Internet-based computing providing shared resources and services.

Types of Software

Application software for tasks; system software for management.

Ways software can be bought

Includes direct purchase, subscription, and free downloads.

Installing software

Process of adding software to a computer system.

Uninstalling software

Removing software from a computer system.

Software licenses

Legal agreements governing software usage rights.

Productivity software

Applications designed to improve work efficiency.

Business software

Applications tailored for business operations and management.

Multimedia software

Programs for creating and editing audio, video, and graphics.

System software

Software that manages hardware and system resources.

Process management

Techniques for managing computer processes and resources.

Device drivers

Software enabling communication between OS and hardware.

Plug and Play

Technology allowing automatic device recognition and configuration.

Application Programming Interface (API)

Set of protocols for building software applications.

Boot process

Sequence of events that starts a computer.

File management

Organizing and maintaining files on a computer.

File path

Location of a file in a file system.

File extensions

Suffix indicating file type and format.

Utility programs

Software designed for system maintenance and optimization.

File compression

Reducing file size for storage efficiency.

Moore's law

Observation that computing power doubles approximately every two years.

Machine cycle

Process of fetching, decoding, and executing instructions.

Types of Computer Networks

Includes LAN, WAN, MAN, and PAN.

Network Architecture

Design structure of a computer network.

WIFI standards

Protocols for wireless networking, e.g., 802.11.

Components of network

Includes routers, switches, and access points.

Transmission media

Physical pathways for data transmission in networks.

Broadband type

High-speed internet access via various technologies.

Digital convergence

Integration of multiple digital technologies and services.

Internet of Things (IoT)

Network of interconnected devices collecting and exchanging data.

Digital and Analog

Digital uses discrete values; analog uses continuous signals.

Digital publishing

Distributing content electronically via the internet.

Digital copyrights

Legal rights protecting digital content and media.

Cybersecurity

Protection of computer systems from theft and damage.

Types of hackers

Includes white hat, black hat, and gray hat hackers.

Viruses

Malicious software designed to damage or disrupt systems.

Securing your devices

Implementing measures to protect devices from threats.

Social engineering

Manipulating individuals to gain confidential information.

System Development Lifecycle

Phases for developing and managing information systems.

Program Development Lifecycle

Stages for creating and maintaining software programs.

Algorithms

Step-by-step procedures for solving problems.

Programming languages

Languages used to write software applications.

Compiler

Translates code from high-level to machine language.

Debugging

Process of identifying and fixing errors in code.

Testing

Evaluating software for functionality and performance.

Types of Databases

Includes relational, NoSQL, and distributed databases.

Data Warehouse

Central repository for integrated data from multiple sources.

Client Server Networks

Network architecture where clients request resources from servers.

Types of Network Security

Includes firewalls, encryption, and intrusion detection systems.

Internet protocols

Rules governing data transmission over the internet.

Private key encryption

Cryptography using a single key for encryption and decryption.

Public key encryption

Cryptography using a pair of keys for secure communication.