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aliteration
the repetition of sound, usually initial consonant sounds. ex: boiling bubbles
allusion
a indirect/direct reference to something commonly known. referencing romeo and juliet for example.
apostrophe
directly addressing something not there, sometimes human. ex: love why would you do this
Connotation
implied meaning, associative, nonliteral meaning of a word
denotation
literal meaning of the word with no underthoughts of emotion/color
extended metaphor
prolonged metaphor. ex In Emily Dickinson’s “Hope is the thing with feathers” the entire poem is a comparison between hope and a bird.
figurative language
language that varies from norms of literal langauge
genre
time or category of literature example comedy/lyrical
hyperbole
extravagant exaggeration. ex: im older than the hills
imagery
sensory details or descriptive language
Metaphor
a type of figurative language that states something as something else without using like or as
mood
the atmosphere of a work
narrative
a collection of events that tell a story, can be both non fiction and fiction
personification
inorganic objects, animals, and more are given to human characteristics
point of view
the perspective a story is told from
prose
one of the major divison of genres, fiction and nonfiction
sarcasm
bitter caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridcule someone or something
satire
a work that makes fun of people/issues and hopes for reform
symbolism
anything that represents its self but also stands for something else
natural symbol
things from nature that symbolize things associated with it
conventional symbol
symbols that get meaning from a group
literary symbol
a symbol specific to a work
syntax
sentence structure, how author formats words
theme
central idea or message of a work, universal truth
tone
authors/speaker attitfude towards something/someone/audience, contributes to mood
anecdote
a brief narrative story. example: the stories you tell in a casual convo
ellipsis
the omission (un-inclusion) of words, the meaning of which is provided through context of passage
parody
a work that imitates the style/content of another work for the purpose comic effect or ridicule
parallelism
a set of similarly structured words, phrases, or clauses that appear in a sentence or a paragraph. Purpose is to add balance and rhythm to sentences
asssonance
occurs when 2 or more words in proximity to another repeat the same vowel sound but diff. consonant sounds
consonance
repetitive sounds produced by consonants within a sentence/phrase. Based on sound instead of spelling.
end rhyme
rhymes every other line. Ex: abab cdcd
internal rhymes
rhymes happen with middle word and end work
slant rhyme
stressed syllables of the ending consonants match but not vowel sounds. near or close to being a rhyme. ex: bridge and grudge
antitthesis
2 opposite ideas are put in a sentence together. You are easy on the eyes, but hard on the heart
oxymoron
rhetorical device in which 2 opposite ideas are put together. Ex: jumbo shrimp, bittersweet
paradox
a statement that contradicts itself but makes sense. Ex: I am nobody
diction
word choicing
high formal diction
word tone evokes elegancy and contains elaborate vocab. does not contain slang, idioms, colloquialisms or contractions.
neutral diction
standard language with no elaborate words. Contains contractions. Ex: regular writing
low informal diction
relaxed and conversational langauge. contains common and simple words, colloquialisms, idioms, slang, jargon, and contractions.
shift/turn/reversal
the point at which poem’s tone changes
onomatopoeia
sound effect. ex: boom