An Introduction to Human Anatomy - Fill-in-the-Blank Flashcards

A set of fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering key concepts, terminology, and structures from the lecture notes on human anatomy and physiology.

The standard anatomical reference position is called the __.

anatomical position

The plane that divides the body into left and right portions is the __ plane.

median (midsagittal) plane

The back of the body is the __, also called the dorsal region.

posterior

The front of the body is the __, also called the ventral region.

anterior

The organ system responsible for protection, water retention, thermoregulation, and vitamin D synthesis is the __ system.

Integumentary

The organ system that provides movement and heat production is the __ system.

Muscular

The organ system responsible for rapid internal communication and control is the __ system.

Nervous

The organ system that distributes nutrients, oxygen, wastes, and hormones is the __ system.

Circulatory

A group of organs working together to perform a major function is an __.

organ system

The smallest unit of life that carries out all basic functions is the __.

cell

The study of tissues with a microscope is called __.

Histology

The microscopic examination of tissues for signs of disease is __.

Histopathology

The study of the structure and function of cells is __.

Cytology

Gross anatomy refers to structures that can be seen with the naked eye; this is often called __ anatomy.

gross

A subdivision of anatomy that focuses on specific regions of the body is __ anatomy.

Regional

A subdivision that studies the body by system (e.g., nervous, cardiovascular) is __ anatomy.

Systemic

The subdivision that focuses on body surfaces is __ anatomy.

Surface

Radiological anatomy uses non-invasive imaging to visualize internal structures; this is a subdivision of __ anatomy.

Radiological

Developmental anatomy studies structural changes from fertilized egg to an adult form; the specific field covering development up to the eighth week is __.

Embryology

The branch of physiology that studies the nervous system is __.

Neurophysiology

The branch of physiology that studies hormones and their control of body functions is __.

Endocrinology

Negative feedback is the regulatory mechanism that __ variation from normal.

opposes

Positive feedback is the regulatory mechanism that __ variations from normal.

exaggerates

In the garlic cholesterol study, the group that did not receive garlic is the __ group.

Control

The dorsal body cavity contains the and cavities.

cranial; vertebral

The ventral body cavity is divided by the diaphragm into the and cavities.

thoracic; abdominopelvic

The serous membranes around the heart line the cavity with two layers called the visceral and __ layers.

parietal

The membrane surrounding the lungs is the __ consisting of visceral and parietal layers.

pleura